Get started

Search in scripts for "mtf"

Technical Ratings█  OVERVIEW This indicator calculates TradingView's well-known "Strong Buy", "Buy", "Neutral", "Sell" or "Strong Sell" states using the aggregate biases of 26 different technical indicators. █  FEATURES Differences with the built-in version  • You can adjust the weight of the Oscillators and MAs components of the rating here.  • The built-in version produces values matching the states displayed in the "Technicals" ratings gauge; this one does not always, where weighting is used.  • A strategy version is also available as a built-in; this script is an indicator—not a strategy.  • This indicator will show a slightly different vertical scale, as it does not use a fixed scale like the built-in.  • This version allows control over repainting of the signal when you do not use a higher timeframe. Higher timeframe (HTF) information from this version does not repaint.  • You can configure markers on signal breaches of configurable levels, or on advances declines of the signal. The indicator's settings allow you to:  • Choose the timeframe you want calculations to be made on.  • When not using a HTF, you can select a repainting or non-repainting signal.  • When using both MAs and Oscillators groups to calculate the rating, you can vary the weight of each group in the calculation. The default is 50/50.   Because the MAs group uses longer periods for some of its components, its value is not as jumpy as the Oscillators value.   Increasing the weight of the MAs group will thus have a calming effect on the signal.  • Alerts can be created on the indicator using the conditions configured to control the display of markers. Display The calculated rating is displayed as columns, but you can change the style in the inputs. The color of the signal can be one of three colors: bull, bear, or neutral. You can choose from a few presets, or check one and edit its color. The color is determined from the rating's value. Between 0.1 and -0.1 it is in the neutral color. Above/below 0.1/-0.1 it will appear in the bull/bear color. The intensity of the bull/bear color is determined by cumulative advances/declines in the rating. It is capped to 5, so there are five intensities for each of the bull/bear colors. The "Strong Buy", "Buy", "Neutral", "Sell" or "Strong Sell" state of the last calculated value is displayed to the right of the last bar for each of the three groups: All, MAs and Oscillators. The first value always reflects your selection in the "Rating uses" field and is the one used to display the signal. A "Strong Buy" or "Strong Sell" state appears when the signal is above/below the 0.5/-0.5 level. A "Buy" or "Sell" state appears when the signal is above/below the 0.1/-0.1 level. The "Neutral" state appears when the signal is between 0.1 and -0.1 inclusively. Five levels are always displayed: 0.5 and 0.1 in the bull color, zero in the neutral color, and -0.1 and - 0.5 in the bull color. The levels that can be used to determine the breaches displaying long/short markers will only be visible when their respective long/short markers are turned on in the "Direction" input. The levels appear as a bright dotted line in bull/bear colors. You can control both levels separately through the "Longs Level" and "Shorts Level" inputs. If you specify a higher timeframe that is not greater than the chart's timeframe, an error message will appear and the indicator's background will turn red, as it doesn't make sense to use a lower timeframe than the chart's. Markers Markers are small triangles that appear at the bottom and top of the indicator's pane. The marker settings define the conditions that will trigger an alert when you configure an alert on the indicator. You can:  • Choose if you want long, short or both long and short markers.  • Determine the signal level and/or the number of cumulative advances/declines in the signal which must be reached for either a long or short marker to appear.   Reminder: the number of advances/declines is also what controls the brightness of the plotted signal.  • Decide if you want to restrict markers to ones that alternate between longs and shorts, if you are displaying both directions.   This helps to minimize the number of markers, e.g., only the first long marker will be displayed, and then no more long markers will appear until a short comes in, then a long, etc. Alerts When you create an alert from this indicator, that alert will trigger whenever your marker conditions are confirmed. Before creating your alert, configure the makers so they reflect the conditions you want your alert to trigger on. The script uses the alert() function, which entails that you select the "Any alert() function call" condition from the "Create Alert" dialog box when creating alerts on the script. The alert messages can be configured in the inputs. You can safely disregard the warning popup that appears when you create alerts from this script. Alerts will not repaint. Markers will appear, and thus alerts will trigger, at the opening of the bar following the confirmation of the marker condition. Markers will never disappear from the bar once they appear. Repainting This indicator uses a two-pronged approach to control repainting. The repainting of the displayed signal is controlled through the "Repainting" field in the script's inputs. This only applies when you have "Same as chart" selected in the "Timeframe" field, as higher timeframe data never repaints. Regardless of that setting, markers and thus alerts never repaint. When using the chart's timeframe, choosing a non-repainting signal makes the signal one  bar late, so that it only displays a value once the bar it was calculated has elapsed. When using a higher timeframe, new values are only displayed once the higher timeframe completes. Because the markers never repaint, their logic adapts to the repainting setting used for the signal. When the signal repaints, markers will only appear at the close of a realtime bar. When the signal does not repaint (or if you use a higher timeframe), alerts will appear at the beginning of the realtime bar, since they are calculated on values that already do not repaint. █  CALCULATIONS The indicator calculates the aggregate value of two groups of indicators: moving averages and oscillators. The "MAs" group is comprised of 15 different components:  • Six Simple Moving Averages of periods 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 and 200  • Six Exponential Moving Averages of the same periods  • A Hull Moving Average of period 9  • A Volume-weighed Moving Average of period 20  • Ichimoku‎ The "Oscillators" group includes 11 components:  • RSI  • Stochastic  • CCI  • ADX  • Awesome Oscillator  • Momentum  • MACD  • Stochastic RSI  • Wiliams %R  • Bull Bear Power  • Ultimate Oscillator The state of each group's components is evaluated to a +1/0/-1 value corresponding to its bull/neutral/bear bias. The resulting value for each of the two groups are then averaged to produce the overall value for the indicator, which oscillates between +1 and -1. The complete conditions used in the calculations are documented in the Help Center . █  NOTES Accuracy When comparing values to the other versions of the Rating, make sure you are comparing similar timeframes, as the "Technicals" gauge in the chart's right pane, for example, uses a 1D timeframe by default. For coders We use a handy characteristic of array.avg() which, contrary to avg() , does not return na when one  of the averaged values is na . It will average only the array elements which are not na . This is useful in the context where the functions used to calculate the bull/neutral/bear bias for each component used in the rating include special checks to return na whenever the dataset does not yet contain enough data to provide reliable values. This way, components gradually kick in the calculations as the script calculates on more and more historical data. We also use the new `group` and `tooltip` parameters to input() , as well as dynamic color generation of different transparencies from the bull/bear/neutral colors selected by the user. Our script was written using the PineCoders Coding Conventions for Pine . The description was formatted using the techniques explained in the How We Write and Format Script Descriptions PineCoders publication. Bits and pieces were lifted from the PineCoders' MTF Selection Framework . Look first. Then leap.
Pine Script® indicator
by TradingView
48
(FireflyTA) Market Flow COG (Overlay)Market Flow COG (Overlay) Market Flow COG in the "Overlay" version offers you a variety of modules to do analysis on the market flow . I'm using my own definition of market flow since I'm actively doing scientific research on that topic and developing concepts and tools around it. This indicator is best used together with Market Flow COG (Oscillator) , which is also public. ---------------------- About Market Flow The market flow is a concept describing the directional force driving price movement that a market experiences based on term-specific (short-, mid- and long-term) momentum as well as dynamic range support and resistance. In a strong uptrend for example, market flow is upwards, so dynamic range S&R (i.e. Bollinger Bands) is flowing upwards, too. This is increasing the probability to see continuation after dips. In a shifting trend, it is possible to observe market flow still continuing upwards, because the the flow is only changing slowly. Momentum takes a while to run out and exert pressure into the other direction. This phenomenon can be observed on all timeframes in high-volume markets, even more so on the higher timeframes. Given the complex nature of market flow , there is still a lack of tools available to properly examine it and to derive appropriate trading decisions. ---------------------- About Market Flow COG This indicator allows you to look at various different aspects to market flow . Additional ones might be added in future updates. In this first release, the following are included. Browse the update notes below for further modules added later. Center of Gravity (COG) Deviation Bands Trend EMAs ---------------------- About "Center of Gravity" The COG is an entity that is pulling price back to it frequently (this is why it is called Center of Gravity) as the law of mean reversion dictates. Mean reversion can be loosely broken up into mean reversion on multiple timeframes, and the COGs are included for ULT (ultra low, 15-60m), L (low, 1h-4h), M (medium, 6h-12H) and H (higher, 1D+) timeframes. As this entity is a new development in TA there is still a lack of scientific evidence that it is reliable. However, if you look at the charts, you will notice that price action will respect this entity and circle around it on the appropriate timeframes most of the time. The COG is similar to a Bollinger Band, it is using volatility as its main component. However, COGs are aggregated entities looking at more timeframes at the same time, so besides the Time X Volatility perspective that is provided by Bollinger Bands, this entity adds a third dimension by looking at multiple timeframes. The COG is the mean of all the BBs that are included in the calculation, which can be a large number. This makes a COG a meta-analytic entity that is more sensitive to market price action. The COG helps you in identifying how far and for how long price has been overextended to one side beyond the means. In theory, the probabilities increase dramatically to see a mean reversion to the COG. Watching price interacting with the COG should make clear that the correlations are significant, however there might be differences based on the markets used. The COGs have primarily been tested with the BTCUSD market and for crypto in general. A way to trade based on COGs is to look for weakness (if price is above the COG) or strength (if price is below the COG) in price action while it is approaching S&R. If signs of accumulation or distribution arise, and the distance to the COG is meaningful (as well as being maintained for a few candles), it can provide additional backing for your long/short scalping and swing trading ideas. I'd recommend to always use the COG in combination with your knowledge on price action. By using all COGs at the same time for ULTF, LTF, MTF and HTF you can get a feeling for where price is in the context overall market flow . ---------------------- Deviation Bands The Deviation Bands are fib-based deviations of the COG that is chosen with the 'mode' setting (i.e. LTF). When this module is enabled, the deviation bands are plotted around the COG of that timeframe mode. The deviations can be adjusted manually as well by changing the values in the indicator UI. The main purpose of these bands is to identify the structure of price movements in relation to the COG distance, i.e. analyzing how long price can maintain levels in an area >X or <Y away from the COG. ---------------------- Trend EMAs The Trend EMA module allows you to plot ULTF, LTF, MTF and HTF trend EMA entities which are colored as follows in the release version (for changes, have a look at the update notes): Teal: Price is in a strong uptrend Green: Price is in an uptrend White: Price is in a sideways phase Orange: Price is in a downtrend Red: Price is in a strong downtrend Watching the Trend EMAs can help in order to identify shifting markets (in which price tends to switch sides with the COGs as well). Trend is also a core component of market flow and should be taken into account when interpreting price action. ---------------------- How to Use You can find in-depth tutorials on how to use this indicator by browsing the links and resources in my signature.
Pine Script® indicator
by FireflyTA
EMA FAST-SLOWThis indicator has the following ema fast (length 3 and 8 ) based on 240 min ema slow (length 3 and 8 ) based on daily MTF The reason for the two length in each EMA is to give us the the insight of shorter trend in larger trend so the large trend is when ema fast 240 min is above the daily ema slow this is shown in the bullish or bearish zones the smaler trend for each MTF is shown in different color (lime:red) for ema fast 240 min , and (green:orange) for the slow daily EMA when we this setting on smaller time frame so it more easy to see where the asset is going this the basic idea you can change the setting as you wish in oreder to find the best one for your time frame
Pine Script® indicator
by RafaelZioni
5
MetaTrend - Alpha TestingMetaTrend is not your ordinary trend following system, it can act as a reversal system as well but not only that give powerful re-entries on prevailing trends. MetaTrend has been crafted with only the best and most advanced mathematical indicators, providing you true power at just a few clicks away. We use a series of advanced adaptive moving averages to formulate the moving average you see. Blue = Bullish Red = Bearish We have designed the entries to be based off multiple functions mostly relaying on volatility analysis to provide in depth highly accurate direction biases of the market. On a Bullish Entry the system will plot a green label that says buy and vice versa for a bearish entry. SL/TP system will be added onto the Beta release, this Alpha release is purely for internal testing purposes, this helps me collab with my team to further progress this and release the full version sooner. There is a password attached into the script to limit access to just a select group of people. If you'd like to be apart of the Alpha Testing team please reach out You will notice that there are background plots that happen, this is to show the areas of low volatility. Why is this important? well after times of low volatility there is a high degree of probability that times of high volatility will occur. This typically looks like a consolidation area before a big expansion This is a MTF system, we are still advancing and updating the MTF feature to provide better more accurate data to increase the win rates of the system. images attached are to showcase some of the more recent happenings in the market across different time frames s3.tradingview.com s3.tradingview.com s3.tradingview.com s3.tradingview.com
Pine Script® indicator
by MMCFX
5
[Zekis]Squeeze Momentum + IchimokuHi, This is a strategy developed by @zsone, a strategy suitable mostly for altcoins (but not necessary). The strategy is using the following indicators: Squeeze Momentum (LazyBear), two Ichimoku Clouds (one is MTF), daily EMA21 and EMA golden cross (optionally). Setting should be used as default. Rules for entries (scalping): Go Long (green line on the histogram): - use low time frames (3m, 5m, 15m) - candle closes above the ichimoku cloud - squeeze momentum, first grey cross on green histogram (2 ways): 1. histogram is green and have a black cross and later it turns to grey cross 2. the histogram is red with grey cross and it goes to green with grey cross without having a black cross, just directly goes green histogram with grey cross - price is above the daily EMA21 - price is above or inside de ichimoku cloud MTF (1h TF) - optionally! EMA golden/death cross Go Short (red line on the histogram): - vice versa Rules for exits: - DI+ crosses down on DI- on longs - DI- crosses up on DI+ on shorts - or any fixed, dynamic, trailing... TP/SL (according to the market conditions) This strategy can be used also for high time frames (12h, 1D) with a golden/death cross confirmation. Soon I will publish a screener that scan multiple altcoins at once to find setups easier. P.S.1 The strategy should be used with it's default settings/values (you can change them if you want), but there are 2 versions of Squeeze Momentum from Lazy Bear that you can choose from. P.S.2 This is not a magic strategy, please do your research before using real money! P.S.3 The strategy is free to use, just add it to the favorites and then to the chart. Enjoy!
Pine Script® indicator
by edward_Z
1
GatekeeperThe Gatekeeper is based on the 30 and 34 ema and their mtf / 3D charting from the seconds to weekly charts. The 34 ema functions as a gatekeeper of the 30 minute chart and similar to the slow guppies, the 30 ema and the 34 ema function as a gatekeeper of a trend. I have included the zone fill for some time frames on this indicator that aids the trader to identify changes in trends or gauge the strength of the current trend. With the utilization of mtf / 3d charting you will see how the higher time frame 30 and/or 34 emas function as a gatekeeper of those particular time frames as well. The degree of separation between the 13 ema and the longer term moving averages can be used as an indicator of trend strength. If there's a wide separation, then the prevailing trend is strong. Narrow separation or lines that are criss-crossing, indicates a weakening trend or a period of consolidation. The crossover of the 13 ema and long-term moving averages 30, 34 and 62 represent trend reversals. If the 13 ema crosses above the long-term moving averages, then a bullish reversal has occurred. If the 13 ema crosses below the longer-term moving averages, then a bearish reversal is occurring. When both groups of MAs are moving horizontally or mostly moving sideways and heavily intertwined, it means the asset lacks a price trend and therefore may not be a good candidate for trend trades. A breakout of sort will be coming and it is best to be patient. These periods may be good for range trading.
Pine Script® indicator
by TradersParadigm
Trend M ver1this simple tool a helper for trader in order to put your target at the correct places:) so script based on Trend M (open script in my page) the script based on non security MTF that allow us to detect the M = mean average of resistance and support by MTF best setting is either monthly or weekly when you go on lower chart just put in the min the exact TF that you on. 60 min =60 2 hour 120 5 min =5 etc when ever the trend is above the mean or M then it bullish =lime color. bellow the M is bearish =red color the R1 and S level are % from the mean . so it can act for us either target or as stop loss you can set the R1 or S1 as you like by % ratio . so 0.01 is 1% 0.1 is 10 % etc all you need to find is the weekly or monthly range of the asset then put the % ratio that you wish up or down you can use it with trend lines or other method .it just another tool to make you trade smarter
Pine Script® indicator
by RafaelZioni
15
Past and Presentas my old teacher used to say : "We come from the past to search for the future.. but we stuck in the present looking on what lie ahead" So this indicator based on non security MTF (HTF) set to daily there are two type of bands first is the present ones (color gray and red) next is past one (based on 100 candle) as we can that the price of the past bands and present band try to get equilibrium once the bands depart from each other -present cross up the past then it will be bullish signal and vice versa when price depart from present band it will tend to fall to the level of our past band since it based on EMA 100 and organised to detect resistance and support then it easy to see when price collapse or price rise so this is theory behind this indicator you can try different length or different TF for better results same 4 hour chart with week MTF
Pine Script® indicator
by RafaelZioni
6
[NLX-L2] Renko Flip- Renko Flip - This indicator give you signals based on non-repainting Renko blocks (ATR based) on regular candle charts and is Multi-Timeframe compatible. - Example: How to Use - 1. Add a Trend Indicator like Trend Index MTF to your chart 2. Add this Renko Flip Indicator to your Chart and select the Trend Index MTF with Type L1 in the Settings as Signal Source 3. Add the Backtest Module to your Chart and select the Renko Flip Signal with Type L2 as Source The Hurst-Exponent-Signal-Filter can be used as well, simply add it in between the Renko Flip and Backtest/Alert module :) - Alerts for Automated Trading - See my signature below. Contact me for the Alert module.
Pine Script® indicator
by nilux
2
[NLX-L2] Hurst Exponent Signal Filter- Hurst Exponent Signal Filter - The Hurst Exponent Signal Filter is meant to be used with an external signal source, this can be any indicator with a signal plot output (-1 Sell / 1 Buy) It filters out a lot of noisy signals and improves the performance of many indicators. - Example: How to Use - 1. Add a trend Indicator like Trend Index MTF to your chart 2. Add an indicator with a signal plot like Fishers Stochastic Center of Gravity to your Chart and select the Trend Index MTF with Type L1 in the Settings as Signal Source 3. Add this Hurst Signal Filter to your Chart and select the Fishers Stochastic Center of Gravity with Type L2 in the Settings as Signal Source 4. Add the Backtest Module to your Chart and select the Hurst Signal Filter with Type L2 as Source - Alerts for Automated Trading - See my signature below. Contact me for the Alert module.
Pine Script® indicator
by nilux
4
[NLX-L2] Fisher Stochastic Center of Gravity (v4)- Fisher Stochastic Center of Gravity- This is Fisher's Stochastic Center of Gravity converted to pine v4 by blackcat. A very powerful entry indicator! The original was published by DasanC & EmpiricalFX and it's a very interesting take on FSCG. All the credit for the indicator goes to the authors and inventor of FSCG, this is just a mod to be used with my NLX Modular Trading Framework . - How to Use - 1. Add a Trend Indicator like Trend Index MTF to your chart 2. Add " Fisher Stochastic Center of Gravity" Indicator to your Chart and select the Trend Index MTF with Type L1 in the Settings as Source 2. Add the Backtest to your Chart and select the FSCG Signal with Type L2 as Source - Alerts for Automated Trading - See my signature below for more information. Contact me for the Alert module.
Pine Script® indicator
by nilux
Rain On Me PRO 3/3This is the part 3 of Rain On Me PRO. It follow my two other indicators "Rain On Me" and "Rain On Me V2". This version is called "PRO" because it is less "user-friendly" than the two previous versions. But it is more faster, and cleaner than ever! This indicator is separated into 3 parts. You can find all parts into my profile in the « Scripts » section. Once the 3 parts together, the indicator is complete. Here are the features for this part: -MTF Fibonacci on 10 levels with level 0 in the middle and an "info panel" to indicate you the key levels. You can set an alert for each level cross. -MTF High/Low (Red dots is last low and green dots is last high). -Bollinger. -Ichimoku Cloud with baseline (red) and alerts (SenkouA and SenkouB Cross or Tenkan and Kijun Cross). Everything is fully customizable in settings. To place an alert, always choose the "Once per bar" option. Many functions are still to come. So don't hesitate to report bugs, suggestions and follow me to always be kept informed of the next updates to come! //ALWAYS DELETE INDICATOR AND ALERTS AND RESET THEM AFTER AN UPDATE! Thank again everyone for your support! A BIG THANKS TO QUANTNOMAD FOR GIVING ME ITS AUTHORIZATION TO USE, MODIFY AND REPUBLIC ITS "Ultimate Pivot Points Alerts" script indicator: Good trade everyone! And remember, money management is the most important!
Pine Script® indicator
by RickSimpson
12
Rain On Me PRO 2/3This is the part 2 of Rain On Me PRO. It follow my two other indicators "Rain On Me" and "Rain On Me V2". This version is called "PRO" because it is less "user-friendly" than the two previous versions. But it is more faster, and cleaner than ever! This indicator is separated into 3 parts. You can find all parts into my profile in the « Scripts » section. Once the 3 parts together, the indicator is complete. Here are the features for this part: -Support/Resistance and Range lines (Red is Resistance, Yellow is Range, Green is Support). -MTF Trend Line following the trend with red color for bearish trend and green color for bullish trend (Based on volume so it work only where the volume information flux is available). -MTF Fractals with alerts. (Zigzag based on high and low). Everything is fully customizable in settings. To place an alert, always choose the "Once per bar" option. Many functions are still to come. So don't hesitate to report bugs, suggestions and follow me to always be kept informed of the next updates to come! //ALWAYS DELETE INDICATOR AND ALERTS AND RESET THEM AFTER AN UPDATE! Thank again for your support! Good trade everyone! And remember, money management is the most important!
Pine Script® indicator
by RickSimpson
5
Ichimoku Kinko Hyo + FractalsIn contrast to my Ichimoku ++ Study this is a pure Ichimoku Konko Hyo Study with Bill Williams Fractals (I couldn't leave out the fractals as these levels are too important for Ichimoku trading). In this study you can find many visualisation options for the Ichimoku Indicator and the signals the Ichimoku Tradingsystem can provide. Tenkan-sen and Kijun-sen are provided optionally as mtf levels. An mtf price cloud relationship is shown in the upper right. The included signals are: B1/S1 is a strong filtered signal. The condition for long entry is: price > Kumo AND Chikou > price AND Chikou > Kumo AND Tenkan > Kijun AND Komo is green B2/S2 is a less filtered signal. The condition for long entry is: price > Kumo AND Chikou > price AND Tenkan > Kijun IB/IS is a confluence signal. The condition for a long/short entry is: more than 50% of the 8 defined conditions must trigger a long signal. Below 50% long, it is a short signal because more than 50% of the entry conditions have triggered a short signal.
Pine Script® indicator
by ramsay09
5
Easy trendOk , this Easy to trend to make your trading experince Easy:) it has non repaint MTF function as shown in my privoius code so it give the trend extremly accurate green is buy red is sell the rest is no brainer when you change frames time always set the candle time to be exact as your frame time you can use the HTF to see it in diffrent MTF value invite me for coffe:) you can see the low very easy (hint its bellow the blue low line) i think this one realy nice
Pine Script® indicator
by RafaelZioni
12
Bar Balance [LucF]Bar Balance extracts the number of up, down and neutral intrabars contained in each chart bar, revealing information on the strength of price movement. It can display stacked columns representing raw up/down/neutral intrabar counts, or an up/down balance line which can be calculated and visualized in many different ways. WARNING: This is an analysis tool that works on historical bars only. It does not show any realtime information, and thus cannot be used to issue alerts or for automated trading. When realtime bars elapse, the indicator will require a browser refresh, a change to its Inputs or to the chart's timeframe/symbol to recalculate and display information on those elapsed bars. Once a trader understands this, the indicator can be used advantageously to make discretionary trading decisions. Traders used to work with my  Delta Volume Columns Pro  will feel right at home in this indicator's Inputs . It has lots of options, allowing it to be used in many different ways. If you value the bar balance information this indicator mines, I hope you will find the time required to master the use of Bar Balance well worth the investment. █  OVERVIEW The indicator has two modes: Columns and Line . Columns • In Columns mode you can display stacked Up/Down/Neutral columns. • The "Up" section represents the count of intrabars where `close > open`, "Down" where `close < open` and "Neutral" where `close = open`. • The Up section always appears above the centerline, the Down section below. The Neutral section overlaps the centerline, split halfway above and below it.  The Up and Down sections start where the Neutral section ends, when there is one. • The Up and Down sections can be colored independently using 7 different methods. • The signal line plotted in Line mode can also be displayed in Columns mode. Line • Displays a single balance line using a zero centerline. • A variable number of independent methods can be used to calculate the line (6), determine its color (5), and color the fill (5).  You can thus evaluate the state of 3 different components with this single line. • A "Divergence Levels" feature will use the line to automatically draw expanding levels on divergence events. Features available in both modes • The color of all components can be selected from 15 base colors, with 16 gradient levels used for each base color in the indicator's gradients. • A zero line can show a 6-state aggregate value of the three main volume balance modes. • The background can be colored using any of 5 different methods. • Chart bars can be colored using 5 different methods. • Divergence and large neutral count ratio events can be shown in either Columns or Line mode, calculated in one of 4 different methods. • Markers on 6 different conditions can be displayed. █  CONCEPTS Intrabar inspection Intrabar inspection means the indicator looks at lower timeframe bars ( intrabars ) making up a given chart bar to gather its information. If your chart is on a 1-hour timeframe and the intrabar resolution determined by the indicator is 5 minutes, then 12 intrabars will be analyzed for each chart bar and the count of up/down/neutral intrabars among those will be tallied. Bar Balances and calculation methods The indicator uses a variety of methods to evaluate bar balance and to derive other calculations from them: 1. Balance on Bar : Uses the relative importance of instant Up and Down counts on the bar. 2. Balance Averages : Uses the difference between the EMAs of Up and Down counts. 3. Balance Momentum : Starts by calculating, separately for both Up and Down counts, the difference between the same EMAs used in Balance Averages and an SMA of double the period used for the EMAs. These differences are then aggregated and finally, a bounded momentum of that aggregate is calculated using RSI. 4. Markers Bias : It sums the bull/bear occurrences of the four previous markers over a user-defined period (the default is 14). 5. Combined Balances : This is the aggregate of the instant bull/bear bias of the three main bar balances. 6. Dual Up/Down Averages : This is a display mode showing the EMA calculated for each of the Up and Down counts. Interpretation of neutral intrabars What do neutral intrabars mean? When price does not change during a bar, it can be because there is simply no interest in the market, or because of a perfect balance between buyers and sellers. The latter being more improbable, Bar Balance assumes that neutral bars reveal a lack of interest, which entails uncertainty. That is the reason why the option is provided to interpret ratios of neutral intrabars greater than 50% as divergences. It is also the rationale behind the option to dampen signal lines on the inverse ratio of neutral intrabars, so that zero intrabars do not affect the signal, and progressively larger proportions of neutral intrabars will reduce the signal's amplitude, as the balance calcs using the up/down counts lose significance. The impact of the dampening will vary with markets. Weaker markets such as cryptos will often contain greater numbers of neutral intrabars, so dampening the Line in that sector will have a greater impact than in more liquid markets. █  FEATURES 1 — Columns • While the size of the Up/Down columns always represents their respective importance on the bar, their coloring mode is independent. The default setup uses a standard coloring mode where the Up/Down columns over/under the zero line are always in the bull/bear color with a higher intensity for the winning side. Six other coloring modes allow you to pack more information in the columns. When choosing to color the top columns using a bull/bear gradient on Balance Averages, for example, you will end up with bull/bear colored tops. In order for the color of the bottom columns to continue to show the instant bar balance, you can then choose the "Up/Down Ratio on Bar — Dual Solid Colors" coloring mode to make those bars the color of the winning side for that bar. • Line mode shows only the line, but Columns mode allows displaying the line along with it. If the scale of the line is different than that of the scale of the columns, the line will often appear flat. Traders may find even a flat line useful as its bull/bear colors will be easily distinguishable. 2 — Line • The default setup for Line mode uses a calculation on "Balance Momentum", with a fill on the longer-term "Balance Averages" and a line color based on the "Markers Bias". With the background set on "Line vs Divergence Levels" and the zero line on the hard-coded "Combined Bar Balances", you have access to five distinct sources of information at a glance, to which you can add divergences, divergences levels and chart bar coloring. This provides powerful potential in displaying bar balance information. • When no columns are displayed, Line mode can show the full scale of whichever line you choose to calculate because the columns' scale no longer interferes with the line's scale. • Note that when "Balance on Bar" is selected, the Neutral count is also displayed as a ratio of the balance line. This is the only instance where the Neutral count is displayed in Line mode. • The "Dual Up/Down Averages" is an exception as it displays two lines: one average for the Up counts and another for the Down counts. This mode will be most useful when Columns are also displayed, as it provides a reference for the top and bottom columns. 3 — Zero Line The zero line can be colored using two methods, both based on the Combined Balances, i.e., the aggregate of the instant bull/bear bias of the three main bar balances. • In "Six-state Dual Color Gradient" mode, a dot appears on every bar. Its color reflects the bull/bear state of the Combined Balances, and the dot's brightness reflects the tally of balance biases. • In "Dual Solid Colors (All Bull/All Bear Only)" a dot only appears when all three balances are either bullish or bearish. The resulting pattern is identical to that of Marker 1. 4 — Divergences • Divergences are displayed as a small circle at the top of the scale. Four different types of divergence events can be detected. Divergences occur whenever the bull/bear bias of the method used diverges with the bar's price direction. • An option allows you to include in divergence events instances where the count of neutral intrabars exceeds 50% of the total intrabar count. • The divergence levels are dynamic levels that automatically build from the line's values on divergence events. On consecutive divergences, the levels will expand, creating a channel. This implementation of the divergence levels corresponds to my view that divergences indicate anomalies, hesitations, points of uncertainty if you will. It excludes any association of a pre-determined bullish/bearish bias to divergences. Accordingly, the levels merely take note of divergence events and mark those points in time with levels. Traders then have a reference point from which they can evaluate further movement. The bull/bear/neutral colors used to plot the levels are also congruent with this view in that they are determined by price's position relative to the levels, which is how I think divergences can be put to the most effective use. 5 — Background • The background can show a bull/bear gradient on four different calculations. You can adjust its brightness to make its visual importance proportional to how you use it in your analysis. 6 — Chart bars • Chart bars can be colored using five different methods. • You have the option of emptying the body of bars where volume does not increase, as does my TLD indicator, the idea behind this being that movement on bars where volume does not increase is less relevant. 7 — Intrabar Resolution You can choose between three modes. Two of them are automatic and one is manual:   a) Fast, Longer history, Auto-Steps (~12 intrabars) : Optimized for speed and deeper history. Uses an average minimum of 12 intrabars.   b) More Precise, Shorter History Auto-Steps (~24 intrabars) : Uses finer intrabar resolution. It is slower and provides less history. Uses an average minimum of 24 intrabars.   c) Fixed : Uses the fixed resolution of your choice. Auto-Steps calculations vary for 24/7 and conventional markets in order to achieve the proper target of minimum intrabars. You can choose to view the intrabar resolution currently used to calculate delta volume. It is the default. The proper selection of the intrabar resolution is important. It must achieve maximal granularity to produce precise results while not unduly slowing down calculations, or worse, causing runtime errors. 8 — Markers Six markers are available: 1. Combined Balances Agreement : All three Bar Balances are either bullish or bearish. 2. Up or Down % Agrees With Bar : An up marker will appear when the percentage of up intrabars in an up chart bar is greater than the specified percentage. Conditions mirror to down bars. 3. Divergence confirmations By Price : One of the four types of balance calculations can be used to detect divergences with price. Confirmations occur when the bar following the divergence confirms the balance bias. Note that the divergence events used here do not include neutral intrabar events. 4. Balance Transitions : Bull/bear transitions of the selected balance. 5. Markers Bias Transitions : Bull/bear transitions of the Markers Bias. 6. Divergence Confirmations By Line : Marks points where the line first breaches a divergence level. Markers appear when the condition is detected, without delay. Since nothing is plotted in realtime, markers do not appear on the realtime bar. 9 — Settings • Two modes can be selected to dampen the line on the ratio of neutral intrabars. • A distinct weight can be attributed to the count of the latter half of intrabars, on the assumption that later intrabars may be more important in determining the outcome of chart bars. • Allows control over the periods of the different moving averages used in calculations. • The default periods used for the various calculations define the following hierarchy from slow to fast:   Balance Averages: 50,   Balance Momentum: 20,   Dual Up/Down Averages: 20,   Marker Bias: 10. █  LIMITATIONS • This script uses a special characteristic of the `security()` function allowing the inspection of intrabars—which is not officially supported by TradingView. • The method used does not work on the realtime bar—only on historical bars. • The indicator only works on some chart resolutions: 3, 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 hours, 1 day, 1 week and 1 month. The script’s code can be modified to run on other resolutions, but chart resolutions must be divisible by the lower resolution used for intrabars and the stepping mechanism could require adaptation. • When using the "Line vs Divergence Levels — Dual Color Gradient" color mode to fill the line, background or chart bars, keep in mind that a line calculation mode must be defined for it to work, as it determines gradients on the movement of the line relative to divergence levels. If the line is hidden, it will not work. • When the difference between the chart’s resolution and the intrabar resolution is too great, runtime errors will occur. The Auto-Steps selection mechanisms should avoid this. • Alerts do not work reliably when `security()` is used at intrabar resolutions. Accordingly, no alerts are configured in the indicator. • The color model used in the indicator provides for fancy visuals that come at a price; when you change values in Inputs , it can take 20 seconds for the changes to materialize. Luckily, once your color setup is complete, the color model does not have a large performance impact, as in normal operation the `security()` calls will become the most important factor in determining response time. Also, once in a while a runtime error will occur when you change inputs. Just making another change will usually bring the indicator back up. █  RAMBLINGS Is this thing useful? I'll let you decide. Bar Balance acts somewhat like an X-Ray on bars. The intrabars it analyzes are no secret; one can simply change the chart's resolution to see the same intrabars the indicator uses. What the indicator brings to traders is the precise count of up/down/neutral intrabars and, more importantly, the calculations it derives from them to present the information in a way that can make it easier to use in trading decisions. How reliable is Bar Balance information? By the same token that an up bar does not guarantee that more up bars will follow, future price movements cannot be inferred from the mere count of up/down/neutral intrabars. Price movement during any chart bar for which, let's say, 12 intrabars are analyzed, could be due to only one of those intrabars. One can thus easily see how only relying on bar balance information could be very misleading. The rationale behind Bar Balance is that when the information mined for multiple chart bars is aggregated, it can provide insight into the history behind chart bars, and thus some bias as to the strength of movements. An up chart bar where 11/12 intrabars are also up is assumed to be stronger than the same up bar where only 2/12 intrabars are up. This logic is not bulletproof, and sometimes Bar Balance will stray. Also, keep in mind that balance lines do not represent price momentum as RSI would. Bar Balance calculations have no idea where price is. Their perspective, like that of any historian, is very limited, constrained that it is to the narrow universe of up/down/neutral intrabar counts. You will thus see instances where price is moving up while Balance Momentum, for example, is moving down. When Bar Balance performs as intended, this indicates that the rally is weakening, which does necessarily imply that price will reverse. Occasionally, price will merrily continue to advance on weakening strength. Divergences Most of the divergence detection methods used here rely on a difference between the bias of a calculation involving a multi-bar average and a given bar's price direction. When using "Bar Balance on Bar" however, only the bar's balance and price movement are used. This is the default mode. As usual, divergences are points of interest because they reveal imbalances, which may or may not become turning points. I do not share the overwhelming enthusiasm traders have for the purported ability of bullish/bearish divergences to indicate imminent reversals. Superfluity In "The Bed of Procrustes", Nassim Nicholas Taleb writes: To bankrupt a fool, give him information . Bar Balance can display lots of information. While learning to use a new indicator inevitably requires an adaptation period where we put it through its paces and try out all its options, once you have become used to Bar Balance and decide to adopt it, rigorously eliminate the components you don't use and configure the remaining ones so their visual prominence reflects their relative importance in your analysis. I tried to provide flexible options for traders to control this indicator's visuals for that exact reason—not for window dressing. █  NOTES For traders • To avoid misleading traders who don't read script descriptions, the indicator shows nothing in the realtime bar. • The Data Window shows key values for the indicator. • All gradients used in this indicator determine their brightness intensities using advances/declines in the signal—not their relative position in a fixed scale. • Note that because of the way gradients are optimized internally, changing their brightness will sometimes require bringing down the value a few steps before you see an impact. • Because this indicator does not use volume, it will work on all markets. For coders • For those interested in gradients, this script uses an advanced version of the Advance/Decline gradient function from the PineCoders Color Gradient (16 colors) Framework . It allows more precise control over the range, steps and min/max values of the gradients. • I use the PineCoders Coding Conventions for Pine to write my scripts. • I used functions modified from the PineCoders MTF Selection Framework for the selection of timeframes. █  THANKS TO: — alexgrover who helped me think through the dampening method used to attenuate signal lines on high ratios of neutral intrabars. — A guy called Kuan who commented on a Backtest Rookies presentation of their Volume Profile indicator . The technique I use to inspect intrabars is derived from Kuan's code. — theheirophant , my partner in the exploration of the sometimes weird abysses of `security()`’s behavior at intrabar resolutions. — midtownsk8rguy , my brilliant companion in mining the depths of Pine graphics. He is also the co-author of the PineCoders Color Gradient Frameworks .
Pine Script® indicator
by LucF
29
Delta Volume Columns Pro [LucF]█  OVERVIEW This indicator displays volume​​ delta information calculated with intrabar inspection on historical bars, and feed updates when running in realtime. It is designed to run in a pane and can display either stacked buy/sell volume​ columns or a signal line which can be calculated and displayed in many different ways. Five different models are offered to reveal different characteristics of the calculated volume​ delta information. Many options are offered to visualize the calculations, giving you much leeway in morphing the indicator's visuals to suit your needs. If you value delta volume​ information, I hope you will find the time required to master Delta Volume​ Columns Pro well worth the investment. I am confident that if you combine a proper understanding of the indicator's information with an intimate knowledge of the volume​ idiosyncrasies on the markets you trade, you can extract useful market intelligence using this tool. █  WARNINGS 1. The indicator only works on markets where volume​ information is available,   Please validate that your symbol's feed carries volume​ information before asking me why the indicator doesn't plot values. 2. When you refresh your chart or re-execute the script on the chart, the indicator will repaint because elapsed realtime bars will then recalculate as historical bars. 3. Because the indicator uses different modes of calculation on historical and realtime bars, it's critical that you understand the differences between them. Details are provided further down. 4. Calculations using intrabar inspection on historical bars can only be done from some chart timeframes. See further down for a list of supported timeframes.   If the chart's timeframe is not supported, no historical volume​ delta will display. █  CONCEPTS Chart bars Three different types of bars are used in charts:  1. Historical bars are bars that have already closed when the script executes on them.  2. The realtime bar is the current, incomplete bar where a script is running on an open market. There is only one active realtime bar on your chart at any given time.    The realtime bar is where alerts trigger.  3. Elapsed realtime bars are bars that were calculated when they were realtime bars but have since closed.    When a script re-executes on a chart because the browser tab is refreshed or some of its inputs are changed, elapsed realtime bars are recalculated as historical bars. Why does this indicator use two modes of calculation? Historical bars on TradingView charts contain OHLCV data only, which is insufficient to calculate volume​ delta on them with any level of precision. To mine more detailed information from those bars we look at intrabars , i.e., bars from a smaller timeframe (we call it the intrabar timeframe ) that are contained in one chart bar. If your chart Is running at 1D on a 24x7 market for example, most 1D chart bars will contain 24 underlying 1H bars in their dilation. On historical bars, this indicator looks at those intrabars to amass volume​ delta information. If the intrabar is up, its volume​ goes in the Buy bin, and inversely for the Sell bin. When price does not move on an intrabar, the polarity of the last known movement is used to determine in which bin its volume​ goes. In realtime, we have access to price and volume​ change for each update of the chart. Because a 1D chart bar can be updated tens of thousands of times during the day, volume​ delta calculations on those updates is much more precise. This precision, however, comes at a price:  — The script must be running on the chart for it to keep calculating in realtime.  — If you refresh your chart you will lose all accumulated realtime calculations on elapsed realtime bars, and the realtime bar.   Elapsed realtime bars will recalculate as historical bars, i.e., using intrabar inspection, and the realtime bar's calculations will reset.   When the script recalculates elapsed realtime bars as historical bars, the values on those bars will change, which means the script repaints in those conditions.  — When the indicator first calculates on a chart containing an incomplete realtime bar, it will count ALL the existing volume​ on the bar as Buy or Sell volume​,   depending on the polarity of the bar at that point. This will skew calculations for that first bar. Scripts have no access to the history of a realtime bar's previous updates,   and intrabar inspection cannot be used on realtime bars, so this is the only to go about this.  — Even if alerts only trigger upon confirmation of their conditions after the realtime bar closes, they are repainting alerts   because they would perhaps not have calculated the same way using intrabar inspection.  — On markets like stocks that often have different EOD​ and intraday feeds and volume​ information,   the volume's scale may not be the same for the realtime bar if your chart is at 1D, for example,   and the indicator is using an intraday timeframe to calculate on historical bars.  — Any chart timeframe can be used in realtime mode, but plots that include moving averages in their calculations may require many elapsed realtime bars before they can calculate.   You might prefer drastically reducing the periods of the moving averages, or using the volume​ columns mode, which displays instant values, instead of the line. Volume Delta Balances This indicator uses a variety of methods to evaluate five volume​ delta balances and derive other values from those balances. The five balances are: 1 — On Bar Balance : This is the only balance using instant values; it is simply the subtraction of the Sell volume​ from the Buy volume​ on the bar. 2 — Average Balance : Calculates a distinct EMA for both the Buy and Sell volumes, and subtracts the Sell EMA from the Buy EMA. 3 — Momentum Balance : Starts by calculating, separately for both Buy and Sell volumes, the difference between the same EMAs used in "Average Balance" and   an SMA of double the period used for the "Average Balance" EMAs. The difference for the Sell side is subtracted from the difference for the Buy side,   and an RSI of that value is calculated and brought over the −50/+50 scale. 4 — Relative Balance : The reference values used in the calculation are the Buy and Sell EMAs used in the "Average Balance".   From those, we calculate two intermediate values using how much the instant Buy and Sell volumes on the bar exceed their respective EMA — but with a twist.   If the bar's Buy volume​ does not exceed the EMA of Buy volume​, a zero value is used. The same goes for the Sell volume​ with the EMA of Sell volume​.   Once we have our two intermediate values for the Buy and Sell volumes exceeding their respective MA, we subtract them. The final "Relative Balance" value is an ALMA of that subtraction.   The rationale behind using zero values when the bar's Buy/Sell volume​ does not exceed its EMA is to only take into account the more significant volume​.   If both instant volume​ values exceed their MA, then the difference between the two is the signal's value.   The signal is called "relative" because the intermediate values are the difference between the instant Buy/Sell volumes and their respective MA.   This balance flatlines when the bar's Buy/Sell volumes do not exceed their EMAs, which makes it useful to spot areas where trader interest dwindles, such as consolidations.   The smaller the period of the final value's ALMA, the more easily you will see the balance flatline. These flat zones should be considered no-trade zones. 5 — Percent Balance : This balance is the ALMA of the ratio of the "On Bar Balance" value, i.e., the volume​ delta balance on the bar (which can be positive or negative),   over the total volume for that bar. From the balances and marker conditions, two more values are calculated: 1 — Marker Bias : It sums the up/down (+1/‒1) occurrences of the markers 1 to 4 over a period you define, so it ranges from −4 to +4, times the period.   Its calculation will depend on the modes used to calculate markers 3 and 4. 2 — Combined Balances : This is the sum of the bull/bear (+1/−1) states of each of the five balances, so it ranges from −5 to +5. █  FEATURES The indicator has two main modes of operation: Columns and Line . Columns • In Columns mode you can display stacked Buy/Sell volume​ columns. • The buy section always appears above the centerline, the sell section below. • The top and bottom sections can be colored independently using eight different methods. • The EMAs of the Buy/Sell values can be displayed (these are the same EMAs used to calculate the "Average Balance"). Line • Displays one of seven signals: the five balances or one of two complementary values, i.e., the "Marker Bias" or the "Combined Balances". • You can color the line and its fill using independent calculation modes to pack more information in the display.  You can thus appraise the state of 3 different values using the line itself, its color and the color of its fill. • A "Divergence Levels" feature will use the line to automatically draw expanding levels on divergence events. Default settings Using the indicator's default settings, this is the information displayed: • The line is calculated on the "Average Balance". • The line's color is determined by the bull/bear state of the "Percent Balance". • The line's fill gradient is determined by the advances/declines of the "Momentum Balance". • The orange divergence dots are calculated using discrepancies between the polarity of the "On Bar Balance" and the chart's bar. • The divergence levels are determined using the line's level when a divergence occurs. • The background's fill gradient is calculated on advances/declines of the "Marker Bias". • The chart bars are colored using advances/declines of the "Relative Balance". Divergences are shown in orange. • The intrabar timeframe is automatically determined from the chart's timeframe so that a minimum of 50 intrabars are used to calculate volume​ delta on historical bars. Alerts The configuration of the marker conditions explained further is what determines the conditions that will trigger alerts created from this script. Note that simply selecting the display of markers does not create alerts. To create an alert on this script, you must use ALT-A from the chart. You can create multiple alerts triggering on different conditions from this same script; simply configure the markers so they define the trigger conditions for each alert before creating the alert. The configuration of the script's inputs is saved with the alert, so from then on you can change them without affecting the alert. Alert messages will mention the marker(s) that triggered the specific alert event. Keep in mind, when creating alerts on small chart timeframes, that discrepancies between alert triggers and markers displayed on your chart are to be expected. This is because the alert and your chart are running two distinct instances of the indicator on different servers and different feeds. Also keep in mind that while alerts only trigger on confirmed conditions, they are calculated using realtime calculation mode, which entails that if you refresh your chart and elapsed realtime bars recalculate as historical bars using intrabar inspection, markers will not appear in the same places they appeared in realtime. So it's important to understand that even though the alert conditions are confirmed when they trigger, these alerts will repaint. Let's go through the sections of the script's inputs. Columns The size of the Buy/Sell columns always represents their respective importance on the bar, but the coloring mode for tops and bottoms is independent. The default setup uses a standard coloring mode where the Buy/Sell columns are always in the bull/bear color with a higher intensity for the winning side. Seven other coloring modes allow you to pack more information in the columns. When choosing to color the top columns using a bull/bear gradient on "Average Balance", for example, you will have bull/bear colored tops. In order for the color of the bottom columns to continue to show the instant bar balance, you can then choose the "On Bar Balance — Dual Solid Colors" coloring mode to make those bars the color of the winning side for that bar. You can display the averages of the Buy and Sell columns. If you do, its coloring is controlled through the "Line" and "Line fill" sections below. Line and Line fill You can select the calculation mode and the thickness of the line, and independent calculations to determine the line's color and fill. Zero Line The zero line can display dots when all five balances are bull/bear. Divergences You first select the detection mode. Divergences occur whenever the up/down direction of the signal does not match the up/down polarity of the bar. Divergences are used in three components of the indicator's visuals: the orange dot, colored chart bars, and to calculate the divergence levels on the line. The divergence levels are dynamic levels that automatically build from the line's values on divergence events. On consecutive divergences, the levels will expand, creating a channel. This implementation of the divergence levels corresponds to my view that divergences indicate anomalies, hesitations, points of uncertainty if you will. It precludes any attempt to identify a directional bias to divergences. Accordingly, the levels merely take note of divergence events and mark those points in time with levels. Traders then have a reference point from which they can evaluate further movement. The bull/bear/neutral colors used to plot the levels are also congruent with this view in that they are determined by the line's position relative to the levels, which is how I think divergences can be put to the most effective use. One of the coloring modes for the line's fill uses advances/declines in the line after divergence events. Background The background can show a bull/bear gradient on six different calculations. As with other gradients, you can adjust its brightness to make its importance proportional to how you use it in your analysis. Chart bars Chart bars can be colored using seven different methods. You have the option of emptying the body of bars where volume​ does not increase, as does my TLD indicator, and you can choose whether you want to show divergences. Intrabar Timeframe This is the intrabar timeframe that will be used to calculate volume​ delta using intrabar inspection on historical bars. You can choose between four modes. The three "Auto-steps" modes calculate, from the chart's timeframe, the intrabar timeframe where the said number of intrabars will make up the dilation of chart bars. Adjustments are made for non-24x7 markets. "Fixed" mode allows you to select the intrabar timeframe you want. Checking the "Show TF" box will display in the lower-right corner the intrabar timeframe used at any given moment. The proper selection of the intrabar timeframe is important. It must achieve maximal granularity to produce precise results while not unduly slowing down calculations, or worse, causing runtime errors. Note that historical depth will vary with the intrabar timeframe. The smaller the timeframe, the shallower historical plots you will be. Markers Markers appear when the required condition has been confirmed on a closed bar. The configuration of the markers when you create an alert is what determines when the alert will trigger. Five markers are available: • Balances Agreement : All five balances are either bullish​ or bearish​. • Double Bumps : A double bump is two consecutive up/down bars with +/‒ volume​​ delta, and rising Buy/Sell volume​ above its average. • Divergence confirmations : A divergence is confirmed up/down when the chosen balance is up/down on the previous bar when that bar was down/up, and this bar is up/down. • Balance Shifts : These are bull/bear transitions of the selected signal. • Marker Bias Shifts : Marker bias shifts occur when it crosses into bull/bear territory. Periods Allows control over the periods of the different moving averages used to calculate the balances. Volume​ Discrepancies Stock exchanges do not report the same volume​ for intraday and daily (or higher) resolutions. Other variations in how volume​ information is reported can also occur in other markets, namely Forex, where volume​ irregularities can even occur between different intraday timeframes. This will cause discrepancies between the total volume​ on the bar at the chart's timeframe, and the total volume​​ calculated by adding the volume​​ of the intrabars in that bar's dilation. This does not necessarily invalidate the volume​​ delta information calculated from intrabars, but it tells us that we are using partial volume​ data. A mechanism to detect chart vs intrabar timeframe volume​​ discrepancies is provided. It allows you to define a threshold percentage above which the background will indicate a difference has been detected. Other Settings You can control here the display of the gray dot reminder on realtime bars, and the display of error messages if you are using a chart timeframe that is not greater than the fixed intrabar timeframe, when you use that mode. Disabling the message can be useful if you only use realtime mode at chart timeframes that do not support intrabar inspection. █  RAMBLINGS On Volume​ Delta Volume​ is arguably the best complement to interpret price action, and I consider volume​ delta to be the most effective way of processing volume​ information. In periods of low-volatility price consolidations, volume​ will typically also be lower than normal, but slight imbalances in the trend of the buy/sell volume​ balance can sometimes help put early odds on the direction of the break from consolidation. Additionally, the progression of the volume​ imbalance can help determine the proximity of the breakout. I also find volume​ delta and the number of divergences very useful to evaluate the strength of trends. In trends, I am looking for "slow and steady", i.e., relatively low volatility​ and pauses where price action doesn't look like world affairs are being reassessed. In my personal mythology, this type of trend is often more resilient than high-volatility breakouts, especially when volume​ balance confirms the general agreement of traders signaled by the low-volatility usually accompanying this type of trend. The volume​ action on pauses will often help me decide between aggressively taking profits, tightening a stop or going for a longer-term movement. As for reversals, they generally occur in high-volatility areas where entering trades is more expensive and riskier. While the identification of counter-trend reversals fascinates many traders to no end, they represent poor opportunities in my view. Volume​ imbalances often precede reversals, but I prefer to use volume​ delta information to identify the areas following reversals where I can confirm them and make relatively low-cost entries with better odds. On "Buy/Sell" Volume Buying or selling volume​ are misnomers, as every unit of volume​ transacted is both bought and sold by two different traders. While this does not keep me from using the terms, there is no such thing as “buy only” or “sell only” volume​. Trader lingo is riddled with peculiarities. Divergences The divergence detection method used here relies on a difference between the direction of a signal and the polarity (up/down) of a chart bar. When using the default "On Bar Balance" to detect divergences, however, only the bar's volume​ delta is used. You may wonder how there can be divergences between buying/selling volume​ information and price movement on one bar. This will sometimes be due to the calculation's shortcomings, but divergences may also occur in instances where because of order book structure, it takes less volume​ to increase the price of an asset than it takes to decrease it. As usual, divergences are points of interest because they reveal imbalances, which may or may not become turning points. To your pattern-hungry brain, the divergences displayed by this indicator will — as they do on other indicators — appear to often indicate turnarounds. My opinion is that reality is generally quite sobering and I have no reliable information that would tend to prove otherwise. Exercise caution when using them. Consequently, I do not share the overwhelming enthusiasm of traders in identifying bullish​/bearish​ divergences. For me, the best course of action when a divergence occurs is to wait and see what happens from there. That is the rationale underlying how my divergence levels work; they take note of a signal's level when a divergence occurs, and it's the signal's behavior from that point on that determines if the post-divergence action is bullish​/bearish​. Superfluity In "The Bed of Procrustes", Nassim Nicholas Taleb writes: To bankrupt a fool, give him information . This indicator can display lots of information. While learning to use a new indicator inevitably requires an adaptation period where we put it through its paces and try out all its options, once you have become used to it and decide to adopt it, rigorously eliminate the components you don't use and configure the remaining ones so their visual prominence reflects their relative importance in your analysis. I tried to provide flexible options for traders to control this indicator's visuals for that exact reason — not for window dressing. █  LIMITATIONS • This script uses a special characteristic of the `security()` function allowing the inspection of intrabars — which is not officially supported by TradingView.  It has the advantage of permitting a more robust calculation of volume​ delta than other methods on historical bars, but also has its limits. • Intrabar inspection only works on some chart timeframes: 3, 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 hours, 1 day, 1 week and 1 month.  The script’s code can be modified to run on other resolutions. • When the difference between the chart’s timeframe and the intrabar timeframe is too great, runtime errors will occur. The Auto-Steps selection mechanisms should avoid this. • All volume​ is not created equally. Its source, components, quality and reliability will vary considerably with sectors and instruments.  The higher the quality, the more reliably volume​ delta information can be used to guide your decisions.  You should make it your responsibility to understand the volume​ information provided in the data feeds you use. It will help you make the most of volume​ delta. █  NOTES For traders • The Data Window shows key values for the indicator. • While this indicator displays some of the same information calculated in my Delta Volume Columns ,  I have elected to make it a separate publication so that traders continue to have a simpler alternative available to them. Both code bases will continue to evolve separately. • All gradients used in this indicator determine their brightness intensities using advances/declines in the signal—not their relative position in a pre-determined scale. • Volume​ delta being relative, by nature, it is particularly well-suited to Forex markets, as it filters out quite elegantly the cyclical volume​ data characterizing the sector. If you are interested in volume​ delta, consider having a look at my other "Delta Volume" indicators: • Delta Volume Realtime Action displays realtime volume​ delta and tick information on the chart. • Delta Volume Candles builds volume​​ delta candles on the chart. • Delta Volume Columns is a simpler version of this indicator. For coders • I use the `f_c_gradientRelativePro()` from the PineCoders Color Gradient Framework to build my gradients.  This function has the advantage of allowing begin/end colors for both the bull and bear colors. It also allows us to define the number of steps allowed for each gradient.  I use this to modulate the gradients so they perform optimally on the combination of the signal used to calculate advances/declines,  but also the nature of the visual component the gradient applies to. I use fewer steps for choppy signals and when the gradient is used on discrete visual components  such as volume​ columns or chart bars. • I use the PineCoders Coding Conventions for Pine to write my scripts. • I used functions modified from the PineCoders MTF Selection Framework for the selection of timeframes. █  THANKS TO: — The devs from TradingView's Pine and other teams, and the PineCoders who collaborate with them. They are doing amazing work,  and much of what this indicator does could not be done without their recent improvements to Pine. — A guy called Kuan who commented on a Backtest Rookies presentation of their Volume Profile indicator using a `for` loop.  This indicator started from the intrabar inspection technique illustrated in Kuan's snippet. — theheirophant , my partner in the exploration of the sometimes weird abysses of `security()`’s behavior at intrabar timeframes. — midtownsk8rguy , my brilliant companion in mining the depths of Pine graphics.
Pine Script® indicator
by LucF
120