Break of Structure VS Liquidity Grab. How to Identify Valid BoS
The main problem with break of structure trading is that you can easily confuse that with a liquidity grab.
But don't worry.
There is a secret SMC price model that will help you to confirm a break of structure in a second.
Learn smart money concepts trading secrets and a simple strategy to trade break of structure on any forex pair.
Let's study a break of structure that I spotted on AUDUSD forex pair.
We see that the market is bullish on a daily time frame and the price has just violated a previous high with a break of structure.
The issue with that is the fact that such a violation can easily be a liquidity grab and a bullish trap .
Buying the market immediately after a BoS, we can incur a huge loss .
We need something that would help us to accurate validate that.
Fortunately, there is a simple price model in SMC that will help.
After you spotted a break of structure on a daily time frame,
use a 4h time frame for its validation.
After a BoS on a daily time frame, the market usually starts retracing , setting a new local high.
To confirm that it is not a trap, you will need a break of THAT structure on a 4H time frame.
It will increase the probabilities that the entire bullish movement that you see on a daily is not a manipulation.
Here is what exactly we need.
After the price violated a daily structure and closed above that, we see a minor intraday retracement on a 4h time frame.
A bullish violation of the last high there is our BoS confirmation and a clear indicator of the strength of the buyers.
You can execute a buy trade, following a simple strategy then.
Set a buy limit order on a retest of a broken high on a 4H,
a stop loss should be below the last higher low,
a take profit is based on the next supply zone on a daily.
To avoid the traps, a single time frame is not enough for profitable trading break of structure.
Learn to integrate multiple time frames in smart money concepts trading. It will help you make thousands of pips weekly.
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Candlestick Analysis
Mastering indecision candlestick patterns - How to use it!In this guide I will explain the indecision candlestick patterns. The next subjects will be discussed:
- What are indecision candlestick patterns?
- What is the doji?
- What is the spinning top?
- What is the high wave candle?
What are indecision candlestick patterns?
Indecision candlestick patterns are formations on a price chart that suggest uncertainty in the market. They appear when neither buyers nor sellers have full control, meaning the price moves up and down during the trading period but closes near where it opened. This creates a candle with a small real body and often long wicks on either side, showing that the market explored both higher and lower prices but ended up not committing strongly in either direction. These patterns are often seen during periods when traders are waiting for more information before making bigger moves.
What is the doji?
One of the most well-known indecision candles is the doji. A doji forms when the opening price and the closing price are almost identical, resulting in a very thin body. The wicks, which show the highest and lowest prices of the period, can be long or short depending on market activity. A doji tells us that buying and selling pressure were almost equal, which can happen during pauses in trends or before major reversals.
What is the spinning top?
Another type is the spinning top. A spinning top also has a small body, but unlike the doji, the open and close are not exactly the same. The wicks on both sides are typically of similar length, indicating that the market moved both up and down significantly before settling close to the starting point. This pattern reflects hesitation and a balanced struggle between bulls and bears.
What is the high wave candle?
The high wave candle is a more dramatic version of indecision. It has a small real body like the other patterns but features very long upper and lower shadows. This means the market swung widely in both directions during the period, but ultimately closed without making strong progress either way. The high wave candle signals strong volatility paired with uncertainty, which can often precede sharp moves once the market chooses a direction.
When you see these types of candles, they are essentially the market saying “I’m not sure yet.” They often appear at turning points or before big news events and can warn that the current trend may be losing strength. However, they are not guarantees of reversal or continuation on their own. Traders usually combine them with other technical signals or chart patterns to confirm whether the market will break out in one direction or the other.
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What Is the Evening Star Candlestick Pattern?What Is the Evening Star Candlestick Pattern?
Candlestick patterns offer traders a way to read price action and spot potential changes in momentum. One notable pattern is the evening star, a three-candle formation that signals the start of a possible downtrend. This article breaks down what the evening star looks like, how it works, and how traders typically use it.
What Is the Evening Star Candlestick Pattern?
The evening star is a three-candle pattern that traders watch for after a strong upward move. It’s considered a bearish reversal pattern, signalling that bullish momentum is fading. The setup consists of three candles:
- The first candle is a large bullish candle—it shows a clear upward direction.
- The second is much smaller. This middle candle—the star—reflects hesitation. Buyers and sellers are more balanced, and the market’s pace slows.
- The third candle acts as confirmation. It’s a solid bearish candle that closes deep into the body of the first.
The middle candle also often gaps up from the first, especially in stocks or indices, but gaps aren’t essential. What matters is the sequence: strength, indecision, reversal. The further the final candle closes into the body of the first, the stronger the pattern is considered.
Evening stars can appear on any timeframe, but many traders look for them on the daily chart where the signals tend to be clearer. It’s not a pattern to act on blindly—but in the right context, such as after a sustained bullish trend, it’s a useful sign that buyers might be losing control.
The Psychology Behind the Evening Star
It may be always useful to frame the formations like the evening star candle pattern in the context of market psychology.
Here, the first bullish candle signals buyer confidence. They drive prices higher and the candle closes strongly. The next candle is smaller, suggesting that momentum is slowing. Buyers aren’t pushing as hard, and sellers start to step in.
When the third candle closes strongly bearish, it confirms that sentiment is changing. Sellers are now in control, and previous buying strength fades. This shift often happens at the end of an extended upward movement, where fewer buyers are willing to bid the price up and begin closing positions.
How Traders May Use the Evening Star Candlestick Formation
The evening star may be a useful part of a trader’s toolkit, especially when it lines up with other pieces of analysis.
Opening and Closing a Trade
The evening star pattern candlesticks become more meaningful when they appear around known areas of resistance or previous swing highs. If the market’s been edging closer to a clear level—like a horizontal resistance line, Fibonacci retracement, or trendline—and then an evening star forms, it can add weight to the idea that the rally is weakening. Some traders also watch for patterns forming near round numbers or psychological price points.
If traders notice an evening star pattern occurring at a resistance level, they typically look for confluence using another indicator. The RSI might signal a bearish divergence, the price may be piercing an upper Bollinger Band, or it could also be bouncing from a 200-period EMA. Volume can be another factor—rising volume on the third candle can signal more participation behind the selling.
Once a trader has confidence that a bearish reversal is likely underway, they often use the candles following the third candlestick as an entry trigger. A stop loss might be set above the middle candle’s high, while take-profit targets might be placed at an area where a bullish reversal might occur, like a support level. Some might simply trail a stop to take advantage of the strong downtrend or exit when an indicator/candlestick pattern signals that bearish momentum is fading.
Marking Potential Trend Shifts
Some traders use the evening star to flag potential trend exhaustion. While they may not act on the signal (e.g. they are bullish overall and not willing to take shorts yet), the presence of an evening star can suggest the uptrend is vulnerable. They may prepare to buy a pullback, partially close an existing long position, or start watching for further bearish signals.
Example Trades
In the example above, we see a slight rally in AUD/USD in a broader downtrend (off-screen). Price initially pierces the upper Bollinger Band, with slight rejections visible in the upper wicks. After a brief dip, the market retests highs and finds resistance. At this point, the pattern forms, with confirmation coming from relatively weak candles afterwards. Price then closes through the midline of the Bollinger Bands, providing full confirmation of a bearish reversal.
In this second example, we can see a failed evening star. Here, Amazon (AMZN) gaps up over two consecutive days. That leads the 50-period EMA to slope up and cross above its 200-period counterpart—a clear bullish signal.
In this context, it may be better to ignore the signal. The market continues to move higher in an uptrend with consecutive bullish gaps, confirmed by the EMA crossover, indicating a lower probability the pattern will work successfully. Like any pattern, the evening star is expected to be more reliable when contextual factors align, such as in the AUD/USD example.
Strengths and Limitations of the Evening Star
The evening star has its strengths and limitations. To rely on the evening star in trading, it’s worth being aware of both sides.
Strengths
- Clear visual structure: The three-candle formation is straightforward, especially on higher timeframes.
- Logical: The pattern reflects an evident change in momentum that shifts from buying to selling pressure.
- Useful in a wider toolkit: When combined with other forms of analysis (resistance levels, overbought signals, strong volume), it can help traders pinpoint potential turning points and offer an entry.
Limitations
- Requires confirmation: On its own, the pattern doesn’t confirm a downtrend. It’s a potential signal, but not a guarantee.
- Less reliable in choppy markets: In sideways or low-volume markets, evening stars usually produce false signals.
- Subject to interpretation: Candle size, wicks, and placement can vary, which means not every setup is clean or tradable.
The Bottom Line
The evening star pattern offers traders a structured way to identify potential turning points in the market. Its three-candle formation makes it popular among those seeking greater confirmation than single-candle patterns.
FAQ
What Does an Evening Star Candle Pattern Mean?
It’s a three-candle formation that appears at the end of a solid uptrend. An evening star in trading indicates a potential bearish reversal or a short-term downward movement depending on market conditions and the timeframe used.
Is the Evening Star Bullish or Bearish?
The evening star is considered a bearish pattern that shows buyer exhaustion. A third long bearish candle reflects a change in the market sentiment.
How Do an Evening Star and a Hanging Man Differ?
The evening star is a three-candle pattern showing a gradual change in momentum. The hanging man is a single-candle pattern, with a small body and long lower wick. Both are bearish reversal signals, but the hanging man typically requires greater confirmation.
How Do a Shooting Star and an Evening Star Differ?
The shooting star is a one-candle pattern with a long upper wick and a small body that signals rejection at higher prices. The evening star is a three-candle pattern. Both formations reflect a shift from bullish to bearish sentiment.
This article represents the opinion of the Companies operating under the FXOpen brand only. It is not to be construed as an offer, solicitation, or recommendation with respect to products and services provided by the Companies operating under the FXOpen brand, nor is it to be considered financial advice.
How to Do Structure Mapping with Multiple Time Frames Analysis
If you think that structure mapping is not efficient for profitable trading, you get it wrong .
What newbies traders always miss is that structure mapping works effectively only with multiple time frame analysis.
In this article, I will show you how you can build profitable trading plans and accurate predictions on forex market with structure mapping alone.
Learn top-down analysis secrets and how to map structure properly in Smart Money Concepts SMC ICT.
In order to effectively use structure mapping for scalping, day trading and swing trading , always start it from higher time frames.
Examine my complete structure mapping on USDJPY forex pair on a daily time frame.
You can see that first, the pair was trading in a strong bearish trend.
Then, we had a confirmed bullish reversal with Change of Character.
After that, the market started an extended consolidating movement, not being able to update the highs.
And finally, the last bullish wave managed to update a high , confirming a completion of a consolidation and a resumption of a bullish trend.
Structure mapping reveals that USDJPY is now bullish on a daily and the last bearish movement is a correction in uptrend.
We can expect a start of a new bullish wave soon.
To understand when exactly it is going to happen, you will need to dive your analysis deeper .
You should start structure mapping on lower time frames.
And you should execute a price action analysis there in relation to your structure mapping on a higher time frame.
4H time frame structure mapping will reveal a price action within the last bearish move that we spotted on a daily.
We see that the market is trading in a bearish trend and the price started a local correctional movement after a formation of the last low.
4h time frame structure mapping provided a detailed intra week perspective.
Hourly time frame analysis, we reveal hidden intraday trends that will unveil more insights.
And why are we doing all that?
Remember that big waves always start from minor reversals.
The earlier you are able to find strong confirmations, the earlier you will open a trading position and the more profits you will make.
On an hourly time frame, our structure mapping shows that the market is already bullish. A bearish trend that USDJPY followed is already violated, and the price is updating the highs.
Following our analysis, the only thing that we need to confirm a start of a bullish trend is a confirmed trend reversal and a change of character on a 4H time frame.
It will validate an intra week bullish trend.
We will need the price to break the underlined blue resistance based on the last lower high in a bearish trend.
That will provide an accurate signal for us to buy.
And we can anticipate a rise a least to a current daily higher high then.
When you do structure mapping on forex market, never forget to do that on multiple time frames. Multiple perspectives and short-term/mid-term/long-term projections will help you to build a more efficient trading plan.
Remember that you can expand your structure mapping even for minute time frames. It will provide a unique perspective for scalping forex.
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Learning#05 : Decoding Highs and Lows📚 Learning#05 : Decoding Highs and Lows
- A Trader’s Guide to Reading the Market - Simple Yet Important
If the market were a book, the trend would be its storyline — and as traders, our job is to read that story without skipping pages. Trading with the trend puts the odds in your favor because you’re flowing with the market’s natural momentum, not fighting it.
Whether it’s an uptrend, downtrend, or a sideways grind, spotting it early gives you a big edge in deciding when to enter, when to exit, and when to simply step aside.
One of the simplest yet most reliable ways to read that story?
👉 Story of Highs and Lows
Let’s break it down.
📚 Understanding Highs and Lows in Trading
In technical analysis, highs and lows are the market’s way of leaving breadcrumbs.
A high is a peak before the market pulls back.
A low is a trough before the market bounces.
Track these points over time and you start to see patterns that reveal the market’s mood — bullish, bearish, or indecisive.
This isn’t about guessing; it’s about observing price action as it is.
📌 The Four Key Building Blocks of Market Structure
1️⃣ Higher Highs (HH)
Each new high is higher than the one before.Paired with higher lows, this signals an uptrend. Buyers are in control, and demand is pushing price upward.
Example: Nifty rallies from 22,000 to 22,200, pulls back to 22,100, and then rallies to 22,350. That second high (22,350) is higher than the first, confirming bullish momentum.
2️⃣ Higher Lows (HL)
Each pullback low is higher than the last.This tells you that sellers tried to push the market down — but buyers stepped in sooner this time, showing strength.
HLs often precede trend continuation and give great spots for entering long positions with tight risk.
3️⃣ Lower Lows (LL)
Each new low is lower than the previous one.Paired with lower highs, this marks a downtrend. Selling pressure is in charge, and rallies are being sold into.
4️⃣ Lower Highs (LH)
Each bounce high is lower than the last.This shows weakening buying pressure and often leads to another push lower.
Think of it like climbing stairs vs. walking down a hill:
📌 HH + HL = Stairs up → Bull trend.
📌 LL + LH = Hill down → Bear trend.
📈 HH+HL : Bullish Setup :
📉 LL+LH : Bearish Setup :
📌 Why It Matters for Traders
Price action is the most honest information in the market — no lag, no magic, no guesswork.
HH/HL → Bulls in control → Look for long setups.
LL/LH → Bears in control → Look for short setups.
Spotting these patterns on the fly means you can align with the dominant side instead of fighting it.
🧩 Combining HH & LL With Other Tools
📏 Fibonacci Retracements
Once you’ve identified the trend:
In an uptrend, draw Fibonacci from the latest HL to HH for pullback buying zones.
In a downtrend, draw from the latest LH to LL to find shorting opportunities.
⛰️ Fractals for Clarity
Fractals help pinpoint swing highs and lows without guesswork. I personally track HH/HL/LL/LH on a 1-minute chart for intraday trading — this keeps me in sync with the micro-trend while avoiding sideways traps.
🔀 Trendlines & VWAP
Trendlines show the bigger path, VWAP confirms intraday balance. When HH or LL aligns with these, you’ve got high-confluence setups.
🥷 Kiran’s Approach
For intraday, I start by mapping the structure: HH, HL, LL, LH. This gives me the immediate trend bias and alerts me to potential reversals early. I track them on a 1-min chart, combine with Fibonacci and trendlines, and trail stops as the structure unfolds.
It’s simple, visual, and keeps me out of bad trades and warns me to stay out of a sideways market situation, too.
🔑 Key Takeaway
Market structure is like a language — HH, HL, LL, and LH are its alphabet. Once you learn to read it, you’ll never trade blind again.
💡 “Trade what you see, not what you think. The chart always whispers first — you just have to listen.”
Start marking highs and lows on your chart tomorrow. Watch the story unfold. Trade in sync, and you’ll notice your entries become sharper, your exits cleaner, and your confidence higher.
See you in the next one — and until then:
Keep it simple. Trade with structure. Trust the levels.
— Kiran Zatakia
Market Manipulations. Bullish Trap (Smart Money Concepts SMC)
In the today's article, we will discuss how smart money manipulate the market with a bullish trap .
In simple words, a bullish trap is a FALSE bullish signal created by big players.
With a bullish trap, the smart money aims to:
1️⃣ Increase demand for an asset, encouraging the market participant to buy it.
2️⃣ Make sellers close their positions in a loss .
When a short position is closed, it is automatically BOUGHT by the market.
Take a look at a key horizontal resistance on AUDCHF.
Many times in the past, the market dropped from that.
For sellers, it is a perfect area to short from.
Bullish violation of the underlined zone make sellers close their position in a loss and attracts buyers.
Then the market suddenly starts falling heavily, revealing the presence of smart money.
Both the sellers and the buyers lose their money because of the manipulation.
There are 2 main reasons why the smart money manipulates the markets in a such a way:
1️⃣ - A big player is seeking to close a huge long position
When a long position is closed, it is automatically SOLD to the market.
In order to sell a huge position, smart money needs a counterpart who will buy their position.
Triggering stop losses of sellers and creating a false demand, smart money sell their position partially to the crowd.
2️⃣ - A big player wants to open a huge short position
But why the smart money can't just close their long position or open short without a manipulation?
A big sell order placed by the institutional trader, closing their long position, can have an impact on the price of the asset. If the sell order is large enough, it can push the price downward as sellers outnumber buyers. Smart money are trying to balance the supply and demand on the market, hiding their presence.
It is quite complicated for the newbies and even for experienced traders to recognize a bullish trap.
One of the efficient ways is to apply multiple time frame analysis and price action.
Remember, that most of the time bullish traps occur on key horizontal or vertical resistances.
After you see a breakout, analyze lower time frames.
Quite often, after a breakout, the market starts ranging .
After a breakout of a key daily resistance, gold started to consolidate within a narrow range on an hourly time frame.
Bearish breakout of the support of the range will indicate a strength of the sellers and a highly probable bullish trap.
Remember, that you can not spot all the traps, and occasionally you will be fooled by smart money. However, with experience, you will learn to recognize common bullish traps.
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Mastering bearish candlestick patterns - How to use it!Bearish candlestick patterns are a cornerstone of technical analysis, relied upon by traders across financial markets to assess the likelihood of price reversals or continued downward trends. At their core, these patterns are visual representations of shifts in market sentiment, formed by the open, high, low, and close prices over one or several trading sessions. When recognized accurately and interpreted in context, bearish candlestick setups can alert market participants to the fading strength of buyers and the increasing presence of sellers, which often precedes downward price movements. Expanding on this, a comprehensive understanding of each pattern’s nuances, psychological underpinnings, and optimal trading applications can significantly enhance a trader’s analytical toolkit.
What will be discussed?
- What is a shooting star?
- What is a hanging man?
- What is a gravestone dojo?
- What is an evening star?
- What are the three black crows?
- How to trade the bearish candlestick patterns?
Shooting star
The shooting star pattern stands as a prominent candlestick configuration foreshadowing potential bearish reversals after an uptrend. This single-candle pattern is distinguished by a small real body situated near the lower end of the price range, a long upper shadow that is at least twice the length of the body, and little to no lower shadow. The psychological narrative implied by the shooting star is compelling: buyers initially control the session, pushing prices sharply higher, but by the close, sellers have overwhelmed this optimism, pulling the price back down to near or below the opening point. This abrupt shift in control suggests that the bullish momentum is waning, priming the market for a price correction or reversal.
Hanging man
The hanging man, while visually similar to the hammer pattern of bullish reversals, is distinctly bearish because of its position at the top of an established uptrend. This single-candle pattern features a small body at the upper part of the trading range and a markedly long lower shadow, again with minimal or absent upper shadow. During the session, substantial selling pressure drives prices down, accounting for the extended lower shadow, yet buyers temporarily regain some control, recovering much of the loss by the close. Despite this late-session recovery, the appearance of the hanging man warns traders that sellers are growing more aggressive – especially if the next candle confirms the weakness with a lower close.
Gravestone doji
A classic and somewhat ominous formation, the gravestone doji is a specialized form of doji candlestick that carries even greater weight when it appears after a rising market. Here, the open, close, and low are all clustered near the session’s low, forming a long upper shadow with no lower shadow. This structure vividly illustrates a dramatic shift in sentiment: buyers propel prices higher during the session, only to be met by intense selling which pushes prices back to the opening level by the close. This failed rally, marked by the upper wick, reflects the exhaustion of buying interest and the potential onset of bearish dominance.
Bearish engulfing
Turning to multi-candle setups, the bearish engulfing pattern is a powerful, two-bar reversal pattern. The initial candle is bullish and typically a continuation of the prevailing uptrend, but the second candle is bearish and must open above and close below the body of the first candle, “engulfing” it completely. The transition from a relatively small upward move to a much larger downward move highlights a rapid escalation in sell-side enthusiasm. Importantly, the larger the second candle and the greater the volume accompanying it, the more reliable the signal.
Evening star
The evening star expands the analysis further into a three-candlestick formation, representing a storyline of shifting market dynamics. The pattern commences with a long bullish candle, followed by an indecisive small candle (the star) that gaps above the previous close, and concludes with a large bearish candle that closes deep into the first candle’s body. The evening star is especially meaningful because it narrates a transition from bullish exhaustion to bearish control over three sessions, making it a robust signal of a pending trend reversal. The reliability of the evening star increases if the bearish candle is accompanied by high volume, confirming a surge in selling pressure.
Three black crows
Among the most striking bearish signals is the three black crows pattern. It comprises three consecutive large bearish candles, each opening within the body of the previous candle and closing successively lower. This pattern demonstrates relentless selling over several sessions, erasing prior gains and indicating that bearish sentiment is in full swing. Collectively, the three black crows can shift market psychology significantly when they appear after a lengthy uptrend, especially if accompanied by increased trading volume.
How to trade the bearish candlestick patterns?
Effectively using bearish candlestick patterns in a trading strategy requires more than mere recognition of shapes. The context in which these patterns emerge matters greatly; traders should analyze preceding price action, the scope of the trend, and any converging signals from other technical tools such as momentum oscillators or volume indicators. Confirmation is a best practice, waiting for a subsequent session that continues in the bearish direction can filter out false signals and decrease the chances of whipsaw trades.
In practice, traders may use these patterns to identify short-selling opportunities, define entry and exit points, or adjust stop-loss levels to protect profits as a trend appears to reverse. Risk management is crucial, as no pattern is infallible. Position sizing, stop-loss placement, and ongoing evaluation of the broader market environment all contribute to the prudent use of candlestick analysis. By integrating these patterns into a comprehensive market analysis framework, traders are better positioned to interpret crowd psychology, anticipate significant reversals, and navigate the complexities of price movement with a higher degree of confidence and skill.
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Disclosure: I am part of Trade Nation's Influencer program and receive a monthly fee for using their TradingView charts in my analysis.
Thanks for your support. If you enjoyed this analysis, make sure to follow me so you don't miss the next one. And if you found it helpful, feel free to drop a like 👍 and leave a comment 💬, I’d love to hear your thoughts!
Mastering bullish candlestick patterns - How to use it!In this guide, we will explore some of the most important bullish candlestick patterns used in technical analysis. These patterns are essential tools for traders and investors who want to better understand market sentiment and identify potential reversal points where prices may start moving upward.
What will be explained:
- What are bullish candlestick patterns?
- What is the hammer?
- What is the inverted hammer?
- What is the dragonfly doji?
- What is the bullish engulfing?
- What is the morning star?
- What is the three white soldiers?
- How to use bullish candlestick patterns in trading?
What are bullish candlestick patterns?
Bullish candlestick patterns are specific formations on a candlestick chart that signal a potential reversal from a downtrend to an uptrend. These patterns are used by traders and investors to identify moments when the market sentiment may be shifting from bearish to bullish. Recognizing these patterns can help traders time their entries and make more informed decisions based on price action and market psychology. While no single pattern guarantees success, they can provide valuable clues when combined with other forms of analysis such as support and resistance, trendlines, and volume.
What is the Hammer?
The Hammer is a single-candle bullish reversal pattern that typically appears at the bottom of a downtrend. It has a small real body located at the upper end of the trading range, with a long lower shadow and little to no upper shadow. The long lower wick indicates that sellers drove the price lower during the session, but buyers stepped in strongly and pushed the price back up near the opening level by the close. This shift in momentum suggests that the downtrend could be coming to an end, and a bullish move might follow.
What is the Inverted Hammer?
The Inverted Hammer is another single-candle bullish pattern that also appears after a downtrend. It has a small body near the lower end of the candle, a long upper shadow, and little to no lower shadow. This pattern shows that buyers attempted to push the price higher, but sellers managed to bring it back down before the close. Despite the failure to hold higher levels, the buying pressure indicates a possible reversal in momentum. Traders usually look for confirmation in the next candle, such as a strong bullish candle, before acting on the signal.
What is the Dragonfly Doji?
The Dragonfly Doji is a special type of candlestick that often indicates a potential bullish reversal when it appears at the bottom of a downtrend. It forms when the open, high, and close prices are all roughly the same, and there is a long lower shadow. This pattern shows that sellers dominated early in the session, pushing prices significantly lower, but buyers regained control and drove the price back up by the end of the session. The strong recovery within a single period suggests that the selling pressure may be exhausted and a bullish reversal could be imminent.
What is the Bullish Engulfing?
The Bullish Engulfing pattern consists of two candles and is a strong indication of a reversal. The first candle is bearish, and the second is a larger bullish candle that completely engulfs the body of the first one. This pattern appears after a downtrend and reflects a shift in control from sellers to buyers. The bullish candle’s large body shows strong buying interest that overpowers the previous session’s selling. A Bullish Engulfing pattern is even more significant if it occurs near a key support level, and it often signals the beginning of a potential upward move.
What is the Morning Star?
The Morning Star is a three-candle bullish reversal pattern that occurs after a downtrend. The first candle is a long bearish one, followed by a small-bodied candle (which can be bullish, bearish, or a doji), indicating indecision in the market. The third candle is a strong bullish candle that closes well into the body of the first candle. This formation shows a transition from selling pressure to buying interest. The Morning Star is a reliable signal of a shift in momentum, especially when confirmed by high volume or a breakout from a resistance level.
What is the Three White Soldiers?
The Three White Soldiers pattern is a powerful bullish reversal signal made up of three consecutive long-bodied bullish candles. Each candle opens within the previous candle’s real body and closes near or at its high, showing consistent buying pressure. This pattern often appears after a prolonged downtrend or a period of consolidation and reflects strong and sustained buying interest. The Three White Soldiers suggest that buyers are firmly in control, and the market may continue moving upward in the near term.
How to use bullish candlestick patterns in trading?
To effectively use bullish candlestick patterns in trading, it’s important not to rely on them in isolation. While these patterns can signal potential reversals, they work best when combined with other technical tools such as support and resistance levels, moving averages, trendlines, and volume analysis. Traders should also wait for confirmation after the pattern forms, such as a strong follow-through candle or a break above a resistance level, before entering a trade. Risk management is crucial—always use stop-loss orders to protect against false signals, and consider the broader market trend to increase the probability of success. By integrating candlestick analysis into a comprehensive trading strategy, traders can improve their timing and increase their chances of making profitable decisions.
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How to Use Engulfing Candles in TradingViewEngulfing patterns are among the most powerful candlestick formations because they signal strong momentum shifts and can help you spot dramatic trend reversal opportunities.
What You'll Learn:
• How to identify valid engulfing formations where one candle completely covers another's body
• The two types: bullish engulfing (green candle engulfs red) and bearish engulfing (red candle engulfs green)
• Psychology behind engulfing patterns: when one side completely overwhelms the other
• Using volume analysis to confirm engulfing pattern validity
• Finding meaningful engulfing patterns at trend highs and lows for reversal setups
• Timeframe considerations for engulfing analysis on any chart period
• Step-by-step trading strategy for engulfing reversal setups
• Setting proper stop losses above engulfing candle highs
• Determining profit targets below engulfing candle lows
• Managing wide-range drawdowns common with strong momentum shifts
• Advanced entry technique: waiting for retracements to improve risk-reward ratios
This tutorial may help futures traders and technical analysts who want to use powerful candlestick patterns to identify significant momentum changes.
The strategies covered could assist you in creating effective reversal setups when strong buying or selling pressure appears at key price levels.
Learn more about futures trading with Tradingview: optimusfutures.com
Disclaimer:
There is a substantial risk of loss in futures trading. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Please trade only with risk capital. We are not responsible for any third-party links, comments, or content shared on TradingView. Any opinions, links, or messages posted by users on TradingView do not represent our views or recommendations. Please exercise your own judgment and due diligence when engaging with any external content or user commentary.
This video represents the opinion of Optimus Futures and is intended for educational purposes only. Chart interpretations are presented solely to illustrate objective technical concepts and should not be viewed as predictive of future market behavior. In our opinion, charts are analytical tools—not forecasting instruments. Market conditions are constantly evolving, and all trading decisions should be made independently, with careful consideration of individual risk tolerance and financial objectives.
Japanese Candlestick Cheat Sheet – Part Three- 3 candle patternsSo far in this series, we've broken down single candle formations ( Part 1 ) and explored double candle signals ( Part 2 ) — the kind of patterns that give you quick, often powerful hints about the market’s mood.
But now it’s time to go a step further.
👉 In Part 3, we dive into triple candlestick formations — patterns that take more time to form, but often offer stronger confirmation and a more reliable narrative.
They’re like reading three full sentences from the market instead of just one or two words.
If you’re ready to spot momentum shifts (not noise), this lesson is for you.
Let’s decode the story behind formations like Morning Star, Three White Soldiers, and so on.
MORNING STAR
Bias: Bullish
What is the Morning Star pattern?
The Morning Star pattern consists of a bearish candle, a small-bodied middle candle, and a bullish candle, forming at the end of a downtrend to signal potential reversal. This pattern reflects a shift from seller dominance to buyer strength, as the middle candle marks a pause before a reversal. The Morning Star is a reliable signal that buyer interest is reemerging.
Understanding Morning Stars helps traders anticipate shifts in momentum, providing valuable entry points for new uptrends.
Meaning:
Found in downtrends; signals potential bullish reversal as buyers gain control, with strength confirmed by the third candle closing above the first.
BULLISH ABANDONED BABY
Bias: Bullish
What is the Bullish Abandoned Baby pattern?
The Bullish Abandoned Baby is a rare but powerful reversal pattern that consists of a bearish candle, a gapped doji, and a bullish candle. The middle doji reflects indecision, while the third bullish candle confirms the reversal. This pattern highlights a dramatic shift in sentiment, showing that buyers are prepared to take control.
Recognizing the Bullish Abandoned Baby can offer traders insights into pivotal market shifts.
Meaning:
Appears in downtrends; suggests a strong bullish reversal, as the middle doji shows indecision, with confirmation by a strong bullish move.
THREE WHITE SOLDIERS
What is the Three White Soldiers pattern?
The Three White Soldiers pattern consists of three consecutive bullish candles, each closing higher than the last, often appearing in downtrends to signal a potential bullish reversal. This pattern reflects sustained buying pressure, indicating that buyer sentiment is strong. Psychologically, it shows that buyers are steadily gaining confidence, pushing prices upward.
For traders, Three White Soldiers provide a clear signal of momentum, ideal for capturing emerging trends.
Meaning:
Found in downtrends; signals potential trend reversal, showing sustained buying strength, often signaling the start of a bullish trend.
MORNING DOJI STAR
What is the Morning Doji Star pattern?
The Morning Doji Star pattern is similar to the Morning Star, but with a doji as the middle candle, indicating greater indecision before a reversal. This pattern consists of a bearish candle, a doji, and a bullish candle, highlighting a transition from bearish to bullish sentiment. The doji reflects a moment when market sentiment is balanced, but the third candle confirms a bullish shift.
Interpreting Morning Doji Stars can help traders identify turning points in downtrends, providing valuable entry opportunities.
Meaning:
Appears in downtrends; signals potential bullish reversal, with indecision from the doji and confirmation by a strong bullish candle.
EVENING STAR
What is the Evening Star pattern?
The Evening Star is a three-candle pattern that appears at the top of an uptrend, signaling a potential bearish reversal. It consists of a bullish candle, a small-bodied middle candle, and a bearish candle, showing a transition from buyer control to seller strength. This pattern often appears at market peaks, where optimism is giving way to caution.
Understanding the Evening Star pattern helps traders anticipate downtrend formations, allowing them to time their exits.
Meaning:
Found in uptrends; signals potential bearish reversal as sellers gain control, confirmed if the third candle closes below the first.
BEARISH ABANDONED BABY
What is the Bearish Abandoned Baby pattern?
The Bearish Abandoned Baby is the bearish counterpart to the Bullish Abandoned Baby and consists of a bullish candle, a gapped doji, and a bearish candle. This pattern reveals a dramatic shift in sentiment from bullish to bearish, highlighting a sudden reversal at the top of an uptrend.
Recognizing the Bearish Abandoned Baby can offer traders insight into market tops and impending trend changes.
Meaning:
Appears in uptrends; indicates strong bearish reversal, as indecision in the doji is followed by selling strength.
THREE BLACK CROWS
What is the Three Black Crows pattern?
The Three Black Crows pattern consists of three consecutive bearish candles, each closing lower than the last, appearing in uptrends to signal potential reversal. This pattern reflects sustained selling pressure, indicating that sellers are gaining control. The Three Black Crows highlight a moment when buyer confidence wanes, marking the beginning of downward momentum.
For traders, this pattern provides a clear signal to avoid buying into weakening trends or even entering short trades.
Meaning:
Found in uptrends; signals potential bearish reversal, with sustained selling pressure often marking the start of a downtrend.
EVENING DOJI STAR
What is the Evening Doji Star pattern?
The Evening Doji Star is similar to the Evening Star, but with a doji as the middle candle, highlighting greater indecision. This pattern consists of a bullish candle, a doji, and a bearish candle, indicating a shift from bullish to bearish sentiment. The doji suggests that buyers are losing control, with sellers prepared to reverse the trend.
Understanding Evening Doji Stars allows traders to recognize market tops, helping them avoid overextended trends.
Meaning:
Appears in uptrends; signals potential bearish reversal, as the doji suggests indecision, confirmed by strong selling on the third candle.
Simple Swing Trading Strategy with Smart Money Concept Explained
I will share with you the essential basics of swing trading forex gold with Smart Money Concepts.
You will learn how to do swing trading with the best SMC strategy.
I will teach you to c ombine order blocks, liquidity zones and imbalances to spot accurate entries and confirmation signals.
If you just started learning swing trading Forex with Smart Money Concepts, I strictly recommend trading with the trend only.
The cases and examples that we will discuss will be strictly trend-following ones.
Swing Trading with SMC in Uptrend
For swing buying any forex pair, we will look for the market that is trading in a bullish trend.
To confirm that the market is rising, you will need to execute structure mapping and find a forex pair that updates Higher Highs HH and Higher Lows HL.
Above is the example how I confirmed that GBPUSD is bullish with structure mapping. You can see that the pair consistently updates the highs.
Once you identified a bullish pair, your next step will be to find the zone from where the next swing move will follow.
According to the rules, the market remains in uptrend till the price is staying above or on the level of the last Higher Low HL.
Here is such a zone on GBPUSD.
It is based on the last Higher Low and current price levels.
We will assume that buying orders will concentrate within that area and from that a bullish rally will follow.
The problem is that this area is extremely wide, and we can not just buy randomly within.
Our next step will be to find liquidity zones within.
To buy, we need demand areas.
I found 4 price action based historic demand zones on GBPUSD.
We will need to wait for the test of one of these zones and then wait for an order block - a place where smart money are placing their buy orders.
The problem is that we don't know in which of these areas the order block is, so we will need to wait for tests of these zones and a consequent imbalance to confirm it.
To confirm a bullish imbalance for swing trading Forex, I recommend analyzing a 4H time frame after a test of a demand zone.
According to Smart Money Concepts, a bullish imbalance can be any sign of strength of the buyers : bullish breakout of a vertical/horizontal resistance, change of character, high momentum bullish candle, bullish price action pattern, etc.
An order block on GBPUSD was confirmed with a breakout of a resistance line of a falling channel on a 4H time frame.
That was the signal that Smart Money are buying, and that is your signal to open a swing long trade.
You place a buy position then with a stop loss below the order block and a target - at least a current high.
Swing Trading with SMC in Downtrend
For swing selling any forex pair, you will need to find a market that is trading in a bearish trend.
I suggest applying structure mapping to identify such a pair.
It simply should update Lower Lows LL and Lower Highs consistently.
USDCAD is trading in a bearish trend.
Structure mapping helps to easily confirm that.
Then, we will need to identify the zone from where the next bearish wave will start.
According to Smart Money Concepts structure mapping rules, the market remains bearish till the price is staying below or on the level of the last Lower High LH.
That's such a zone on USDCAD.
It is based on current prices and the last Lower High.
We will assume that selling orders will be distributed along the entire lenth of our zone.
Of course, we can not sell randomly within that zone because it is relatively extended.
Our next task will be to find liquidity supply zones within.
I found 2 price action based supply zones within our underlined area.
Before we sell, we will need to find an order block.
A place from where smart money are selling big.
To spot that, I suggest waiting for a test of one of our supply zones and wait for a bearish imbalance on a 4H time frame.
According to SMC, a bearish imbalance can be a bearish high momentum candle, a bearish CHoCH, a bearish price action pattern, a bearish breakout of a horizontal/vertical support , etc.
You can see that a lower supply zone was tested on USDCAD.
Our bearish order block confirmation is a bearish Change of Character, a formation of a high momentum bearish candle and a breakout of a rising trend line.
After that we can open a swing sell position and expect a bearish movement at least to a current low.
Stop loss should lie strictly above the order block.
TP should be at least a c urrent low.
That is how a trade should be executed on USDCAD pair.
Remember that there is no guarantee that the order block will be within a liquidity zone. You should learn to track the signs of smart money and their operations.
A proper combination of a trend analysis, liquidity zones and order block is the essential basis of a profitable swing trading Forex.
Mastering that, practice recognizing the imbalances and confirmations for spotting the best swing trading entries.
❤️Please, support my work with like, thank you!❤️
I am part of Trade Nation's Influencer program and receive a monthly fee for using their TradingView charts in my analysis.
Japanese Candlestick Cheat Sheet – Part Two- 2 candle patternsTwo-Candle Patterns That Signal Shifts in Sentiment
Single candles whisper…
But two candles talk to each other — and when they do, they often reveal the first signs of a reversal or continuation.
In this second part of the series, we go deeper.
From engulfings to haramis, tweezer tops to piercing lines — these patterns don’t just look good on charts… they capture the psychological tug-of-war between buyers and sellers.
Price doesn’t lie.
And two candles in a row can say: “Something just changed.”
Learn to spot them early. Learn to listen when the chart speaks.
This is Part Two of your practical guide to mastering candlestick formations.
BULLISH KICKER
Bias: Bullish
What is the Bullish Kicker pattern?
The Bullish Kicker forms when a strong bullish candle follows a bearish one with no overlap between the two, indicating a sudden shift in sentiment. This pattern is a powerful indicator of a reversal as buyers take control. The sharp contrast between the bearish and bullish candles reflects a dramatic shift in market psychology, where bears are caught off-guard and forced to cover their positions.
Bullish Kickers are rare but extremely telling, providing a clear signal that sentiment is favoring buyers. Recognizing such decisive patterns can be a game-changer.
Meaning:
Found after downtrends or sell-offs; suggests a sudden shift in sentiment, indicating strong buying interest and potential trend reversal.
BULLISH ENGULFING
Bias: Bullish
What is the Bullish Engulfing pattern?
The Bullish Engulfing pattern occurs when a large bullish candle fully engulfs the previous smaller bearish candle, signaling a potential trend reversal. This pattern highlights a moment when buyers overpower sellers, often marking the beginning of upward momentum. Psychologically, it suggests that buyer confidence is returning, and sellers are losing their grip.
For traders, understanding Bullish Engulfing patterns can provide crucial entry points into emerging trends. Learning to identify and trade such patterns is essential for capturing momentum and new trends.
Meaning:
Typically found in downtrends, this pattern signals a potential bullish reversal as buyers overpower sellers, often indicating a shift toward upward momentum.
BULLISH HARAMI
Bias: Bullish
What is the Bullish Harami pattern?
The Bullish Harami consists of a small bullish candle within a preceding larger bearish one, indicating a pause in downward momentum and hinting at a potential reversal. This pattern shows that sellers are beginning to weaken as buyers cautiously test the waters. The Harami reflects a shift in sentiment from bearish to neutral, often marking a transitional phase in the market.
Interpreting the Bullish Harami helps traders spot moments when sentiment is shifting, potentially signaling the start of a trend change.
Meaning:
Seen in downtrends, it suggests indecision, with possible bullish reversal if the following candles confirm buying strength, indicating a weakening bearish trend.
PIERCING LINE
Bias: Bullish
What is the Piercing Line pattern?
The Piercing Line forms when a bullish candle opens below the previous bearish candle’s low but closes over halfway into it. Found in downtrends, this pattern reflects strong buying pressure as buyers step in at lower prices, creating a potential bullish reversal. The Piercing Line pattern suggests that sentiment may be shifting as buyers gain confidence.
This pattern’s strength lies in its psychological impact, revealing moments when buyers are willing to take risks. Recognizing these signs early can provide valuable insights for traders looking to time entries.
Meaning :
Found in downtrends, this pattern suggests a possible bullish reversal if buying continues, as sellers lose control to buyers.
TWEEZER BOTTOM
Bias: Bullish
What is the Tweezer Bottom pattern?
The Tweezer Bottom pattern is characterized by two consecutive candles with nearly identical lows, one bearish and one bullish. This pattern often signals the end of a downtrend, as the matching lows suggest a strong support level where buyers are stepping in. The Tweezer Bottom highlights market psychology at work, with sellers unable to push prices lower, reflecting renewed buying interest.
Tweezer Bottoms are ideal for traders looking to identify support zones and potential reversal points. By understanding this pattern’s significance, traders can make informed decisions.
Meaning:
Found in downtrends, it signals potential reversal, showing strong support at the matching low, suggesting buyers are stepping in.
BEARISH KICKER
Bias: Bearish
What is the Bearish Kicker pattern?
The Bearish Kicker is the inverse of the Bullish Kicker, forming when a strong bearish candle follows a bullish one without overlap, indicating a sharp sentiment shift. This pattern often marks a sudden reversal, with sellers taking control after an initial bullish period. Psychologically, Bearish Kickers are powerful, signaling that buyers are caught off-guard and losing momentum.
Recognizing Bearish Kickers provides traders with insights into sudden shifts in market dynamics, helping them avoid buying into weakening trends.
Meaning:
Found after uptrends; indicates a sudden sentiment shift, signaling potential trend reversal and intensified selling pressure.
BEARISH ENGULFING
Bias: Bearish
What is the Bearish Engulfing pattern?
The Bearish Engulfing pattern forms when a large bearish candle engulfs the previous smaller bullish candle, suggesting a potential reversal in an uptrend. This pattern signals that sellers have regained control, often marking the start of downward momentum. The Bearish Engulfing reveals a psychological shift, as selling pressure overtakes buying interest.
This pattern is a powerful tool for traders who aim to catch trend reversals, allowing them to align with emerging downward momentum.
Meaning:
Typically found in uptrends, this pattern signals a potential bearish reversal as sellers overpower buyers, often indicating a downward momentum shift.
BEARISH HARAMI
Bias: Bearish
What is the Bearish Harami pattern?
The Bearish Harami consists of a small bearish candle contained within a larger preceding bullish one, reflecting indecision and a potential trend reversal. Found in uptrends, it hints that buyers are losing strength, while sellers are cautiously testing the market. This pattern highlights moments when buyer momentum begins to wane, suggesting caution.
Interpreting the Bearish Harami allows traders to spot potential shifts in sentiment, helping them manage risk and time their exits.
Meaning:
Seen in uptrends, it suggests indecision with a potential bearish reversal if following candles confirm, indicating a weakening bullish trend.
DARK CLOUD COVER
Bias: Bearish
What is the Dark Cloud Cover pattern?
The Dark Cloud Cover appears when a bearish candle opens above the previous bullish candle but closes over halfway into it, reflecting a shift in control from buyers to sellers. This pattern suggests that bullish momentum may be fading, hinting at a potential reversal. Dark Cloud Cover patterns reveal moments when sentiment shifts from optimism to caution.
For traders, understanding this pattern helps them anticipate reversals at the top of uptrends.
Meaning:
Found in uptrends; signals potential bearish reversal if selling continues, as buyers lose control to sellers.
TWEEZER TOP
Bias: Bearish
W hat is the Tweezer Top pattern?
The Tweezer Top is formed by two candles with matching or nearly matching highs, typically one bullish and one bearish. This pattern signals potential resistance, as sellers are consistently pushing back against the same level. The Tweezer Top reflects a moment of seller strength, often marking the end of an uptrend.
Recognizing Tweezer Tops helps traders spot resistance zones and potential reversal points, allowing them to avoid buying into weakening trends or even shorting the asset.
Meaning:
Found in uptrends, it signals potential reversal, showing strong resistance at the matching high, suggesting selling pressure.
🧭 Final Thought
Two-candle formations often appear at key turning points — right where most traders hesitate or get trapped.
Learn to read them not just as patterns, but as conversations between candles — one pushing, the other reacting.
And if this is your first time reading the series, don’t miss Part One – where we covered single-candle signals like dojis, hammers, and marubozus — the very foundations of candlestick reading.
How to Trade Doji Candles on TradingViewLearn to identify and trade doji candlestick patterns using TradingView's charting tools in this comprehensive tutorial from Optimus Futures. Doji candles are among the most significant candlestick formations because they signal market indecision and can help you spot potential trend reversal opportunities.
What You'll Learn:
• Understanding doji candlestick patterns and their significance in market analysis
• How to identify valid doji formations
• The psychology behind doji candles: when buyers and sellers fight to a draw
• Using volume analysis to confirm doji pattern validity
• Finding meaningful doji patterns at trend highs and lows for reversal setups
• Timeframe considerations for doji analysis on any chart period
• Step-by-step trading strategy for doji reversal setups
• How to set stop losses and profit targets
• Real example using E-Mini S&P 500 futures on 60-minute charts
This tutorial may help futures traders and technical analysts who want to use candlestick patterns to identify potential trend reversals. The strategies covered could assist you in creating straightforward reversal setups when market indecision appears at key price levels.
Learn more about futures trading with Tradingview: optimusfutures.com
Disclaimer:
There is a substantial risk of loss in futures trading. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Please trade only with risk capital. We are not responsible for any third-party links, comments, or content shared on TradingView. Any opinions, links, or messages posted by users on TradingView do not represent our views or recommendations. Please exercise your own judgment and due diligence when engaging with any external content or user commentary.
This video represents the opinion of Optimus Futures and is intended for educational purposes only. Chart interpretations are presented solely to illustrate objective technical concepts and should not be viewed as predictive of future market behavior. In our opinion, charts are analytical tools—not forecasting instruments. Market conditions are constantly evolving, and all trading decisions should be made independently, with careful consideration of individual risk tolerance and financial objectives.
Japanese Candlestick Cheat Sheet – Part OneSingle-Candle Formations That Speak
Before you dream of profits, learn the one language that never lies: price.
Indicators are just subtitles — price is the voice.
Japanese candlesticks are more than just red and green bars — they reflect emotion, pressure, and intention within the market.
This series will walk you through the real psychology behind candlestick patterns — starting here, with the most essential:
🕯️ Single-candle formations — the quiet signals that often appear before big moves happen.
If you can’t read a doji, you’re not ready to understand the market’s hesitation.
If you ignore a hammer, you’ll miss the moment sentiment shifts.
Let’s start simple. Let’s start strong.
This is Part One of a five-part series designed to build your candlestick fluency from the ground up.
1. DOJI
Bias: Neutral
What is the Doji pattern?
The Doji candlestick pattern forms when a candle’s open and close prices are nearly identical, resulting in a small or nonexistent body with wicks on both sides. This pattern reflects market equilibrium, where neither buyers nor sellers dominate. Dojis often appear at trend ends, signaling potential reversals or pauses.
As a fundamental tool in technical analysis, Dojis help traders gauge the psychological battle between buyers and sellers. Proper interpretation requires context and experience, especially for spotting trend shifts.
Meaning:
Indicates market indecision or balance. Found during trends and may signal a reversal or continuation based on context.
LONG-LEGGED DOJI
Bias: Neutral
What is the Long-Legged Doji pattern?
The Long-Legged Doji captures a moment of intense uncertainty and volatility in the market. Its long wicks represent significant movement on both sides, suggesting that neither buyers nor sellers have control. This back-and-forth reflects the psychology of market participants wrestling for control, which often foreshadows a shift in sentiment. When traders see a Long-Legged Doji, it highlights the need to monitor for potential changes in direction.
They can appear within trends, at potential reversal points, or at consolidation zones. When they form at the end of an uptrend or downtrend, they often signal that the current trend may be losing momentum.
Meaning:
The prominent wicks indicate volatility. Buyers and sellers pushed prices in opposite directions throughout the session, ultimately reaching an indecisive close.
SPINNING TOP
Bias: Neutral
What is the Spinning Top pattern?
A Spinning Top is a candlestick with a small body and long upper and lower wicks, indicating that the market has fluctuated significantly but ultimately closed near its opening price. This pattern often points to a moment of indecision, where both buyers and sellers are active but neither dominates. Spinning Tops are commonly found within both uptrends and downtrends and can suggest that a trend is losing momentum.
For traders, a Spinning Top provides a valuable insight into market psychology, as it hints that the prevailing sentiment may be weakening. While Spinning Tops alone aren’t always definitive, they can serve as a precursor to larger moves if the following candles confirm a shift in sentiment.
Meaning:
Shows indecision between buyers and sellers. Common in both up and downtrends; signals potential reversal or pause.
HAMMER
Bias: Bullish
What is the Hammer pattern?
A Hammer candlestick appears at the end of a downtrend, with a small body and a long lower wick. This shape reflects a moment when sellers pushed prices lower, but buyers managed to absorb the selling pressure and drive prices back up before the close. This pattern is particularly important for spotting potential reversals, as it indicates that buyers are beginning to reassert control.
Hammers reveal the underlying psychology of a market where buying confidence is emerging, even if sellers have dominated for a while. To successfully trade this pattern, it’s essential to confirm the reversal with subsequent candles.
Meaning:
Showing rejection of lower prices. Signals potential bullish reversal, especially if followed by strong buying candles.
INVERTED HAMMER
Bias: Bullish
What is the Inverted Hammer pattern?
The Inverted Hammer forms at the bottom of a downtrend, with a small body and long upper wick. This pattern shows that buyers attempted to push prices higher, but sellers ultimately brought them back down by the close. The Inverted Hammer is an early sign of buyer interest, hinting that a trend reversal may be underway if subsequent candles confirm the shift.
Interpreting the Inverted Hammer helps traders understand where sentiment may be shifting from bearish to bullish, often marking the beginning of a recovery. Recognizing these patterns takes practice and familiarity with market conditions.
Meaning:
Showing rejection of higher prices. Can signal bullish reversal if confirmed by subsequent buying pressure.
DRAGONFLY DOJI
Bias: Bullish
What is the Dragonfly Doji pattern?
The Dragonfly Doji has a long lower wick and no upper wick, forming in downtrends to signal potential bullish reversal. This pattern reveals that sellers were initially in control, pushing prices lower, but buyers stepped in to push prices back up to the opening level. The Dragonfly Doji’s unique shape signifies that strong buying support exists at the lower price level, hinting at an impending reversal.
Recognizing the psychology behind a Dragonfly Doji can enhance a trader’s ability to anticipate trend changes, especially in markets where support levels are being tested.
Meaning:
Found in downtrends; suggests possible bullish reversal if confirmed by a strong upward move.
BULLISH MARUBOZU
Bias: Bullish
What is the Bullish Marubozu pattern?
The Bullish Marubozu is a large, solid candle with no wicks, indicating that buyers were in complete control throughout the session. This pattern appears in uptrends, where it signals strong buying momentum and often foreshadows continued upward movement. The absence of wicks reveals that prices consistently moved higher, with little resistance from sellers.
For traders, the Bullish Marubozu offers a glimpse into market psychology, highlighting moments when buyer sentiment is particularly strong. Learning to identify these periods of intense momentum is crucial for trading success.
Meaning:
Showing complete buying control. Found in uptrends or at reversal points; indicates strong buying pressure and likely continuation of the trend.
SHOOTING STAR
Bias: Bearish
What is the Shooting Star pattern?
The Shooting Star appears at the top of an uptrend, characterized by a small body and a long upper wick, indicating a potential bearish reversal. Buyers initially drove prices higher, but sellers took over, bringing prices back down near the open. This shift suggests that buyers may be losing control, and a reversal could be imminent.
Interpreting the Shooting Star gives traders valuable insights into moments when optimism begins to fade, providing clues about a potential trend shift.
Meaning:
Indicating rejection of higher prices. Signals a potential bearish reversal if followed by selling pressure.
HANGING MAN
Bias: Bearish
W hat is the Hanging Man pattern?
The Hanging Man candle forms at the top of an uptrend, with a small body and long lower wick. This pattern suggests that sellers attempted to drive prices down, but buyers regained control. However, the presence of a long lower shadow hints that sellers may be gaining strength, potentially signaling a bearish reversal.
The Hanging Man pattern reflects market psychology where buyers might be overextended, making it a valuable tool for identifying potential tops in trends.
Meaning:
Signals potential bearish reversal if confirmed by selling candles afterward.
GRAVESTONE DOJI
Bias: Bearish
What is the Gravestone Doji pattern?
With a long upper wick and no lower wick, the Gravestone Doji reveals that buyers pushed prices up, but sellers eventually regained control. Found in uptrends, it suggests that a bearish reversal could be near, as the upper shadow indicates buyer exhaustion. The Gravestone Doji often appears at market tops, making it a valuable indicator for those looking to anticipate shifts.
Understanding the psychology behind this pattern helps traders make informed decisions, especially in markets prone to overbought conditions.
Meaning:
Showing rejection of higher prices. Found in uptrends; signals potential bearish reversal if followed by selling activity.
BEARISH MARUBOZU
Bias: Bearish
What is the Bearish Marubozu pattern?
The Bearish Marubozu is a large, solid bearish candle without wicks, showing that sellers held control throughout the session. Found in downtrends, it signals strong bearish sentiment and suggests that the trend is likely to continue. The lack of wicks reflects consistent downward momentum without significant buyer support.
This pattern speaks about market psychology, offering traders insights into moments of intense selling pressure. Recognizing the Bearish Marubozu can help you align with prevailing trends and avoid buying into weakening markets
Meaning:
Showing strong selling pressure. Found in downtrends; signals continuation of the bearish trend or an intensifying sell-off.
👉 Up next: Double-candle formations – where price meets reaction.
5 Proven Tricks to Trade Without FOMO After Missing Your TriggerYo traders! In this video, I’m breaking down what to do if you miss a trading trigger , so you can stay calm , avoid FOMO , and still catch the next move. We’re diving into five solid strategies to re-enter the market without losing your cool:
Buy on the pullback zone.
Buy with an engulfing candle after a pullback.
Buy after breaking the resistance formed by the pullback.
Buy after the second wave with an indecision candle.
Buy after breaking a major resistance post-second wave, confirmed by RSI or momentum oscillators.
These tips are all about keeping your trades smart and your head in the game. For more on indecision candles, check out this lesson . Wanna master breakout trading? Here’s the breakout trading guide . Drop your thoughts in the comments, boost if you vibe with it, and let’s grow together! 😎
Congestion Action vs Congestion Exit – Mastering the TransitionWhen markets go quiet and churn sideways, it’s easy to get lost in the noise. But inside that congestion lies opportunity — if you understand the difference between "Congestion Action" and "Congestion Exit." Here’s how to apply Drummond Geometry to trade these phases with precision:
🔹 Congestion Action
Congestion action is when the market is not ready to trend — it's swinging back and forth within a defined range, between a strong block level and a well-established dotted line. Think of it as a "resting zone" before the next directional move.
📏 Original Confines: Highest high and lowest low after a congestion entrance as shown on the chart
🚧 Expanded Confines: Price temporarily breaks out of the range but doesn’t establish a trend (3 closes on the came side of the PLdot (blue line)).
🧲 This is where scalpers and range traders thrive. Look for setups near envelope confines and use nearby energy fields.
✅ Trade Plan: Play the range — buy support, sell resistance — until proven otherwise.
🔸 Congestion Exit
This is when the market transitions from ranging to trending — a trend run begins from within the congestion zone.
🚀 First bar of a new trend closes outside the congestion confines (either the block level (highest high on the chart) or the dotted line (the low on the chart)).
📊 The next bar must confirm with a trend run close — if not, it’s a failed breakout. You can see on the chart that price tried to trend lower but the trend was not confirmed!
⚡ Patterns to watch:
Energy pushing in the direction of the exit (PL Dot push, c-wave continuation).
6-1 lines against the breakout direction disappear.(Not visible in this version)
Resistance/support against the exit breaks.
✅ Trade Plan: Enter on breakout confirmation, not just the breakout bar. Measure energy and watch the follow-through.
🧭 Tip:
Don't get faked out. If price re-enters congestion after a breakout, re-draw the boundaries — the old congestion is no longer valid.
🔥 Bottom Line:
Congestion Action is where the market breathes. Congestion Exit is where it moves. Mastering the handoff between the two gives you a decisive edge.
Learning#02 : Fractals⛰️ Learning#02 : Fractals
The Cleanest Clue on a Cluttered Chart
If you like clean charts and smart price behaviour, Fractals are one of those tools that give subtle but powerful signals. They’re not magic. They simply reflect what price is telling you—if you’re willing to listen.
Let’s unpack the concept and learn how to use Fractals like a pro.
🔍 What Is a Fractal in Trading?
In technical analysis, a Fractal is a five-candle pattern that marks a local top or bottom in price. It’s a pure price-action signal that doesn’t rely on lagging indicators.
There are two types of Fractals:
Bearish Fractal (Top): The 3rd candle has the highest high, surrounded by two lower highs on each side.
Bullish Fractal (Bottom): The 3rd candle has the lowest low, flanked by two higher lows on each side.
These formations are Price's way of saying: *"I tried to go further, but couldn't."
📊 What Do Fractals Indicate?
A shift in short-term control (bulls vs. bears)
Minor support or resistance zones
Useful markers for entries, exits, or trailing stop levels
They don't guarantee reversals but are excellent at highlighting where price momentum may pause, reverse, or build structure.
📈 How to Use Fractals – A Practical Guide
Let’s be clear: Fractals are not trade signals by themselves.
Instead, they work best when used in confluence with your strategy. Think of them as tools that:
Help confirm breakout levels
Refine pullback entries
Guide you in drawing cleaner trendlines, fib zones, and support/resistance levels
Assist in identifying swing highs and lows for Dow Theory-style trend analysis
🔗 Fractals + Strategy = Smart Trading
Whether you trade breakouts or mean reversion, Fractals help clarify:
Which highs or lows matter
Where to place stop losses with structure-based logic
How to trail SL as the trade progresses
They quietly organize your chart into readable, tradeable levels.
🚀 Practical Uses of Fractals
Fractals are the first tool I add to any chart—they instantly reveal structure and guide every step of my analysis.
1. Breakout Confirmation
Wait for a candle to close above a bullish fractal high or below a bearish fractal low.
Useful when the market is trending or forming structures like double bottoms/tops.
2. Pullback with Confirmation
Use the fractal zone as a short-term S/R level. If price returns and shows signs of rejection (like an inside bar, wick rejections, or low volume), consider entries based on confirmation.
Great in sideways or swing environments.
3. Trend Structure Validation
Fractals reveal clear pivot highs/lows, helping:
Confirm higher highs/higher lows
Mark structure for trendline drawing
Validate Fib levels or S/R zones
4. Trailing Stop Loss
Update your SL to trail behind the most recent opposite-side fractals.
In longs: SL below new bullish fractals
In shorts: SL above new bearish fractals
This lets you stay in the move while managing risk like a pro.
How it’s Look Like on Chart
snapshot
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid
Trading every fractal blindly
Ignoring price context or trend
Relying on fractals in low-volume, choppy markets
📝 Final Thoughts
Fractals are like breadcrumbs left by price action. They quietly point to areas where the market faced resistance or found support. Alone, they’re not enough. But in the hands of a price-action trader, they’re incredibly useful.
Used alongside market structure, confirmation signals, and clean charting habits, Fractals become:
Trend identifiers
Entry enhancers
Stop loss trail markers
⭐ Bonus Tip
Next time you mark a level, Fibonacci or draw a trendline, check if a Fractal confirms it. You’ll be surprised how often it does.
Trade simple. Trade clean.
— Kiran Zatakia
The 3-Method Framework: Simplifying Technical AnalysisMost traders get caught up in complex indicator setups, thinking that more tools equal better results. We rely on moving averages to tell us if prices are trending up or down, and we depend on support and resistance levels to predict market movement. But what if I told you there's a simpler, more powerful way to read the market using pure price action?
Today, I want to share my experience and understanding of bias and expectations for the next candle formation. This approach is refreshingly simple because we don't need to understand every single price movement - we just need to focus on what matters most.
Method 1: Opening Price Comparison
The first method is beautifully straightforward. For a bullish bias, the current opening price should be above the previous opening price. That's it. Sounds almost too simple, right? But simplicity often holds the greatest power in trading.
For Gold yesterday, we simply needed to compare the latest opening price on the Daily timeframe with the previous opening price. It's that simple.
Method 2: Mid-Level Analysis
The second approach involves comparing mid-levels between candles. We compare the mid-level of the previous candle with the mid-level of the candle before that. I know it might sound a bit complicated when explained this way, but once you visualize it on your chart, the concept becomes crystal clear.
Still on Gold, we just compare the 50% or mid-level of the previous candle with the candle two periods back from the latest candle on the daily chart.
Method 3: Expansion Expectations
The third method helps us anticipate expansion in price. Traditional complex methods require analyzing numerous factors, but this simplified approach only needs two candles before the current one. Here's how it works: we use the high and low of the candle two periods back, and the open and close (body) of the previous candle. If the previous candle's body sits within the high-low range of the two-candle-back formation, we can expect price expansion.
The beauty of this method is that we don't care whether the price is bullish or bearish - we simply expect expansion to occur. Think of it like a compressed spring: when price gets squeezed within a previous range, it often seeks to break out in either direction. We're not predicting the direction, just the likelihood of significant movement.
Still on Gold, I randomly selected all inside candles on the Daily timeframe. Remember, the purpose is only to expect expansion, not direction. If you want to use this for directional bias, make sure you apply the additional analysis required.
Remember, there are no guarantees in trading, but this method provides valuable insight into potential market expansion.
Advanced Combinations for Enhanced Analysis
Combining Methods 1 and 2 creates our most accessible approach since you only need two candles. When both the opening price and mid-point from two candles ago indicate bullish conditions, we can expect the current candle to follow an OLHC bullish pattern.
You can see the 3 examples I've provided in the image, and all of these are applicable across all timeframes, both daily and 4-hour.
Combining all three methods offers a more sophisticated analysis, particularly useful for anticipating market reversals. This involves marking the current and previous opening prices, comparing mid-levels from the last two candles, and identifying the high/low range from two to three candles back.
Now I'm adding Inside Candles from 2-3 periods back (My personal rule is maximum 3 candles before the current candle, or this analysis will lead to analysis paralysis).
The Bullish and Bearish Rules
Bullish Rule 1:
Opening price above the previous opening price
Mid-level of the previous candle above the mid-level of the previous candle before that.
Inside candle formation (optional)
Bearish Rule 1:
Opening price below the previous opening price
Mid-level of the previous candle below the mid-level of the previous candle before that.
Inside candle formation (optional)
The Secret Sauce: Timeframe Harmony
Here's where the "devil is in the details" comes into play. You might find perfect bullish conditions on your chart, but the market still reverses. The secret lies in using this method on Daily and 4-hour timeframes simultaneously.
Simply understand it from the chart.
Simply understand it from the chart.
If Rule 1 conditions are met on the daily chart, they must also align on the 4-hour chart. When the 4-hour contradicts the daily, follow the 4-hour signal as it might indicate a "sell on strength" or "buy on weakness" scenario.
The formula is simple: must align with
I've never tested this on 1-hour charts because the Daily and 4-hour combination provides sufficient accuracy for my trading approach.
Enhanced Rules for Precision
Rule 2 makes the inside candle formation mandatory rather than optional. Sometimes you'll encounter mixed signals where the mid-level suggests one direction while the opening price suggests another. The solution? Drop down to a lower timeframe for additional confirmation.
I don't recommend using this method below the 4-hour timeframe, but you can certainly apply it to Monthly or Weekly charts for long-term bias determination. The key is analyzing both Daily AND 4-hour timeframes together, not just one or the other.
When timeframes conflict, often just one key level provides the confirmation you need - typically a previous Monthly or Weekly high or low.
Final Thoughts
Pure price action mastery isn't about having the most sophisticated setup or the most indicators on your chart. It's about understanding the fundamental relationship between opening prices, mid-levels, and candle formations across meaningful timeframes.
This approach has served me well because it cuts through market noise and focuses on what price is actually telling us. Start with these three methods, practice identifying the patterns, and gradually build your confidence in reading pure price action.
Remember, consistent profitability comes from mastering simple, reliable methods rather than chasing complex strategies. Keep practicing, stay disciplined, and let price action guide your trading decisions.
Good Luck! :)
How to Trade Liquidity Sweep in Forex Market (SMC Trading)
I will show you a real example of trading liquidity sweep with Smart Money Concepts.
You will learn the essential SMC liquidity basics, a simple and profitable strategy to identify and trade liquidity sweep.
I will share with you an accurate entry confirmation signal that works perfectly on any Forex pair.
Liquidity Basics
In order to trade liquidity sweeps profitably, you should learn to identify significant liquidity zones.
To spot them, analyze a historic price action and find clusters of important historic key levels.
Examine a price action on EURUSD on an hourly time frame.
I underlined multiple horizontal key levels.
The price respected each level, found support on them, and rebounded.
What is so specific about these levels is that they are lying close to each other, composing a liquidity cluster.
That fact that EURUSD strongly bounced from these levels suggests that buying interest and high buying volumes were concentrated around them.
We can unite these levels and treat them as a single demand zone that has just been broken and turned into a supply zone.
After we found a valid liquidity zone, we can look for a liquidity sweep.
First, we should let the price approach that area and look for a specific price behavior then.
That is a perfect example of a liquidity sweep.
You can see that the price formed a wide range candle with a long tail.
Its high went way beyond the underlined area, but its body closed within.
In order to understand, why a liquidity sweep occurred, let's zoom in our chart and try to understand a behavior of the market participants.
Our supply zone concentrated selling orders , we assume that sellers were placing their orders across its entire length.
Their stop losses were presumably lying above that area.
Smart Money know that and with a liquidity sweep they manipulate the market, making sellers close their positions in a loss (buying back their positions from the market) and providing a liquidity for big players.
After a formation of a such a candlestick, a reliable confirmation of a saturation of the Smart Money is a formation of a strong bearish candle - a clear sign of strength of the sellers.
A bearish engulfing candle above confirmed a completion of a liquidity sweep and indicates a highly probable bearish continuation.
Your perfect sell entry is immediately after a close of such a candlestick.
Stop loss should strictly lie above the high of a liquidity sweep.
Take profit is based on a local low.
Look, how quickly the price reached the goal.
Your strategy of trading liquidity sweeps of demand zones is absolutely the same.
Let the price test a demand zone, wait for a formation of wide range bearish candle with a tail going below its lows.
Wait for a bullish imbalance candle and buy immediately then.
Stop loss will be below the low of a liquidity sweep, take profit - a local high.
This SMC strategy works on any time frame and can be applied for trading any Forex pair, Gold, Silver, Crypto and commodities.
Try it by your own and let me know your results.
❤️Please, support my work with like, thank you!❤️
I am part of Trade Nation's Influencer program and receive a monthly fee for using their TradingView charts in my analysis.
A Step-by-step Guide to One of the Chart Analysis MethodHello Friends,
Welcome to RK_Chaarts,
Today we're going to learn step-by-step guide to one of the chart analysis Method by analyzing a chart of " Varun Beverages Ltd. (VBL) " to identify a trend change opportunity.(Educational Post).
Let's get started!
Applying Elliott Wave Theory
First, we can see that the bottom formed in March 2025 is likely a Wave ((4)) in Black as a bottom, marked as such on the chart. From there, Wave 5 should move upwards. Looking at the daily timeframe, we can see that price gone up in five sub-divisions of Wave (1) in Blue of Wave ((5)) in Black have completed, marked as Red 1-2-3-4-5, that means blue intermediate Wave (1) has ended, and Wave (2) has begun, which is unfolded in corrective nature marked as WXY in Red of Wave (2) in Blue.
According to the wave principle, Wave (2) should not retrace more than 100% of Wave (1), which started from the 419.65 bottom. Therefore, 419.65 becomes our invalidation level. If the price moves below this level, it would invalidate our Wave (2) principle.
Assuming our wave counts are correct, the upward movement is in the five sub-divisions, and the downward movement is in the three sub-divisions. Definitely, the conviction is increasing that we have correctly identified Waves (1) and (2). Shown in chart image below
Tweezers at Bottom
Now, we can see that Wave 2 has retraced more than 70% and has formed a Tweezer candlestick pattern at the bottom. A bearish candle was followed by a bullish candle, both with a Tweezer-like shape, with the second candle being green. This could indicate a potential reversal. Moreover, the latest candle has also taken out the high of the previous two candles, showing follow-through. The price has also shown follow-through on the upside after that. So, this can be considered as the first sign that Wave 2 might be ending, marked by a significant Tweezer pattern at the bottom with a follow-through candle. Shown in chart image below
Significant Breakout Pending Yet
Secondly, from the top where Wave 1 ended, we've been considering the decline from around 560.50 as a resistance. We drew a resistance trend line, and if the price breaks out above it, we can say that the resistance trend line has been broken, indicating a breakout above the last fall's trend line, Which is not Broken yet. Shown in chart image below
Dow Theory
The Dow Theory states that when the price moves up, it forms a Higher High, Higher Low pattern, and when it moves down, it forms a Lower High, Lower Low pattern. Somehow, the Dow Theory also needs to change, as the last swing was forming a Lower High, Lower Low pattern. The last swing high was at 479, which we marked with a green arrow. If the price crosses above it, we can say that the price is now forming a Higher High pattern. This indicates that the Dow Theory is changing from a falling trend to a rising trend. Shown in chart image below
Stop Loss
Once the Dow Theory also changes, we can use the last swing low at 446.15 as our stop loss. However, this stop loss will only be valid after the Dow Theory changes; otherwise, the invalidation level will remain at 419. Shown in chart image below
Projected Target of Wave (3)
So, friends, we've applied the Elliott Wave principle, and there's been a significant retracement, all within the valid range, without violating any rules or triggering invalidation. There's limited room left on the downside, and then we have the Tweezer candlestick pattern, which is a significant sign. We're expecting a reversal from there, and the price has followed up with an upward move.
What's left now is the breakout above the resistance trend line and a change in the Dow Theory. Once these two conditions are confirmed, all parameters will match, and we can add a position to our portfolio using the last swing low as our stop loss, instead of the invalidation level.
This is how chart analysis is done for investment purposes. We've seen many signs in our favor, and yet we still use a stop loss to prevent significant losses in case the stock or market moves unexpectedly. This is what stop loss is all about - minimizing potential losses.
We've also discussed the target projection based on Wave theory, 161.8% level, which we explained through an image. So, friends, I hope you've understood the entire conclusion and learned how to analyze charts using different methods, one of which we shared with you today.
I am not Sebi registered analyst.
My studies are for educational purpose only.
Please Consult your financial advisor before trading or investing.
I am not responsible for any kinds of your profits and your losses.
Most investors treat trading as a hobby because they have a full-time job doing something else.
However, If you treat trading like a business, it will pay you like a business.
If you treat like a hobby, hobbies don't pay, they cost you...!
Hope this post is helpful to community
Thanks
RK💕
Disclaimer and Risk Warning.
The analysis and discussion provided on in.tradingview.com is intended for educational purposes only and should not be relied upon for trading decisions. RK_Chaarts is not an investment adviser and the information provided here should not be taken as professional investment advice. Before buying or selling any investments, securities, or precious metals, it is recommended that you conduct your own due diligence. RK_Chaarts does not share in your profits and will not take responsibility for any losses you may incur. So Please Consult your financial advisor before trading or investing.
NASDAQ Bread and Butter & Turtle Soup Example XIIaight, so im gonna break down a trade i took on nasdaq today using a setup i picked out myself from the ict concepts. just my own flavor of it, ya know
before i knock out at night, i open up the charts real quick — just tryna see if there's any clean liquidity chillin’ nearby. if there aint, i shut it down and catch some solid sleep. but if there is... bingo baby
this basically means i might just wake up rich tomorrow, bro. on the daily, im seeing two strong green days back to back, and right above that boom some equal highs just sitting there, begging to get run. they are even cleaner on the 1h. bias locked in. im waking up tomorrow and hunting longs, simple as that.
i mark up the daily open first thing. if im lookin for longs, i wanna see some turtle soup under the open. if im hunting shorts, i need that setup above the open. thats just how i roll.
if there is a swing low, trend liquidity, or some equal lows carryin over from yesterday, im locked in on those levels for turtle soup. if not, im just chillin, waitin for price to build some fresh liquidity during the day and then snatch it.
in this setup, i got some leftover liquidity from yesterday plus a clean 4h fvg sittin there like a neon sign.
next, i check the time. liquidity grabs usually hit during one of the killzones depends on the pair, but im watchin asia, london, or new york sessions.
then i scope out if there is any news droppin around that time, especially stuff that could move the pair. no point in getting blindsided.
and yeah, i always peep correlated pairs too sometimes they snitch before your chart even says a word.
when all the stars and planets line up just right, that is when I drop down to the 15m and wait for a clean csd to show up. but here is the thing i dont jump in the second i see it. i wanna see price actually leave the liquidity zone.
yeah, it might lower my rr a bit, but the win rate goes way up. It keeps me outta those fake-ass turtle soups that look good at first but just wanna wreck your stop.
once im in the trade, i usually try to close out half the position the same day take profits where the chance of price reversing is damn near zero. then i let the other half ride toward my target liquidity. just lettin it breathe, do its thing.
thats it, peace out






















