BROADENING PATTERNS

Broadening patterns are very unstable from a technical point of view. They are usually formed after the trend has already gained strength. It looks as if the battle between buyers and sellers is out of control, as the price starts to move in a wider and wider range. The situation is exactly the opposite of triangles, where the price shrinks to an extremely balanced state before the breakout.

Broadening patterns are formed when three or more price waves expand so much that their highs and lows can be connected by two expanding trend lines. Just as there are two types of triangles, there are two types of broadening patterns. They are called the conventional (classic) pattern and the rectangular pattern. The last one can also be called an expanding pattern with a flat top or flat bottom.

Conventional Broadening Patterns
It consists of three trends where each high is higher than the previous high. The highs are separated by two lows, where the second is lower than the first. These patterns are more likely to indicate the completion of a rising market, rather than a breakout higher. The conventional broadening top is sometimes called an inverse triangle, because that is exactly what they are. In general, some patterns are just perfect for trading, as they mark by default the places where to place stops with low risks. A rectangular triangle broken close to the top is just a good example.

But conventional broadening tops, however, alas, do not have this feature. Such patterns are extremely difficult to detect before the final top is formed. Besides, there is no obvious support line, the breakdown of which would serve as a convenient tool for us. The furious, emotional reaction of price and volumes reflects chaos and complicates the work with such patterns.

Of course, it is not easy to determine the breakout in such conditions, but if the pattern is more or less symmetrical, there are options. It is a decisive movement under the descending trend line, which connects both lows or even a movement below the second low, which will serve as a warning of a future decline. Targets are not easy to determine either, however, the volatile price reaction during the extension indicates that the distribution phase is almost complete. Successful completion of such a pattern is usually followed by a proportional fall in price. But the rectangular expanding patterns, which we will talk about next, are another example.
 
Rectangular Broadening Patterns
Most simply defined broadening patterns with a flat top or bottom are the easiest to identify. This is called a rectangular broadening pattern. Since the very concept of wild price movements implies an extreme degree of emotional involvement, it is difficult to add volume here. At market tops, though, volume is usually quite significant.These patterns also resemble a head and shoulders pattern, except that the "head" in an broadening pattern is the last element of the pattern. In this case, the bearish signal is activated with a decisive downward breakdown of the pattern.

A broadening pattern with a flat top is an accumulation pattern, and it is important that the volumes grow on the breakdown. They are essentially head and shoulders in a situation so bearish (or bullish) that price simply does not have time to form a right shoulder.

Psychological Perspective Of The Broadening Patterns
From a psychological perspective, expanding patterns can be seen as a reflection of the changing attitudes and beliefs of market participants. As the pattern widens, it suggests that there is increasing disagreement among traders about the direction of the market. This can lead to greater volatility and larger price swings as different groups of traders try to push the market in their preferred direction.

At the same time, broadening patterns can also be seen as a sign of indecision and uncertainty. Traders may be hesitant to commit to a particular direction, leading to a widening range of prices as buyers and sellers struggle to gain control. This can create a sense of tension and anxiety among traders as they try to navigate an increasingly complex and unpredictable market.

Target Points
To determine where the price can reach, you need to take the distance from the maximum (minimum) of the pattern and its horizontal line. Then the same distance is set aside in the direction of the breakout. Rectangular expanding patterns often show pullbacks like any other patterns. Since these patterns are very emotional and unstable, these pullbacks can be sharp and volatile. Fortunately, they don't live very long. In this case, the downside price target was reached on a downside breakout. Generally, a subsequent sharp reversal is a rare thing, as the price usually goes much farther than the price target.

Failed Broadening Patterns
Occasionally, such patterns fail to produce the expected result. Unfortunately, there is no super-reliable way to recognize that the pattern has failed. This will only become obvious when a small bottom or price top is formed after the breakout. However, we can protect ourselves from such situations by using the 50% rule, in which we measure half of the final price reaction in a pattern for a rise or fall.

Which is shown by the dotted line, once reached, the pattern is considered a failure. Of course, sometimes there are patterns that work even after breaking through the 50% zone with a subsequent pullback. However, breaking such a line with a strong trend in most cases indicates that the pattern has failed. In any case, carefully use the patterns that predict the price movement in the direction of the trend that was previously the main one.

In Summary
Broadening patterns are a trading range after a trend, between two extended trend lines. At least two touches are needed. It will take imagination to draw, as the touches are not always accurate. However, this is true for many other patterns as well. The maximum depth of the pattern is put off in the direction of the breakout. Since these are very dynamic and volatile patterns, pullbacks are usually short but very fast. False breakout is difficult to detect: the signal can be a price rise above the previous low/maximum or a pullback of more than 50% against the breakout. Overall, broadening patterns can be a useful tool for traders looking to understand the psychology of the market. By analyzing these patterns and the underlying factors that are driving them, we can gain valuable insights into the attitudes and beliefs of other market participants. This can help to make more informed trading decisions and better manage their risk in a rapidly changing market environment.

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